BIBLIOGRAPHICAL, ART AND GENERAL NOTES.
(1) P. [61].—Lowell's remarks on the study of the Liberal Arts.
(2) P. [61].—Jamestown, Va.
(3) P. [61].—Champlain's Works; his character compared with that of Captain John Smith.
(4) P. [62].—Lescarbot's "Histoire de la Nouvelle France."
(5) P. [62].—Charlevoix's "Histoire et Description Générale de la Nouvelle France."
(6) P. [63].—Hutchinson's "History of Massachusetts."
(7) P. [63].—Sagard's "Le Grand Voyage," etc.
(8) P. [63].—P. Boucher's "Mœurs et Productions de la Nouvelle France."
(9) P. [63].—Jesuit Relations.
(10) P. [63].—Père du Creux, "Historia Canadensis."
(11) P. [63].—La Potherie's "Histoire de l'Amérique Septentrionale."
(11a) P. [63].—The Jesuit Lafitau and his work on Indian customs.
(12) P. [64].—C. le Clercq, "Etablissement de la Foy."
(13) P. [64].—Cotton Mather's "Magnalia."
(13a) P. [64].—Dr. Michel Sarrazin.
(13b) P. [64],—Peter Kalm and the English colonies.
(14) P. [65].—Education in Canada, 1792–1893.
(15) P. [65].—Upper Canada, 1792–1840.
(16) P. [66].—Canadian Journalism.
(17) P. [66].—Howe's Speeches.
(18) P. [66].—"Sam Slick."
(19) P. [66].—Judge Haliburton's History of Nova Scotia.
(20) P. [66].—W. Smith's History of Canada.
(21) P. [67].—Joseph Bouchette's Topographical Works on Canada.
(22) P. [67].—M. Bibaud's Histories of Canada.
(23) P. [67].—Thompson's Book on the War of 1812–14.
(24) P. [67].—Belknap's History of New Hampshire.
(25) P. [67].—The poet Crémazie.
(26) P. [68].—Chauveau as a poet.
(27) P. [69].—Howe's Poems.
(28) P. [69].—The poets Sangster and McLachlan.
(29) P. [69].—Charles Heavysege's Works.
(30) P. [69].—Todd's Parliamentary Government.
(31) P. [69].—Christie's History of Lower Canada.
(32) P. [70].—Garneau's History of Canada.
(33) P. [70].—Ferland and Faillon as Canadian Historians.
(34) P. [70].—Dent's Histories of Canada.
(35) P. [71].—Turcotte's History since Union of 1841.
(36) P. [71].—B. Sulte, "Histoire des Canadiens Français," etc.
(37) P. [71].—Abbé Casgrain's Works.
(38) P. [71].—Kingsford, Dionne, Gosselin, Tassé, Tanguay, and other Canadian historians.
(39) P. [72].—A Canadian Bibliography.
(40) P. [72].—Later Canadian Poets, 1867–1893: Fréchette, LeMay, W. Campbell Roberts, Lampman, Mair, O'Brien, McColl, Suite, Lockhart, Murray, Edgar, O'Hagan, Davin, etc. Collections of Canadian poems. Citations from Canadian poems.
(41) P. [77].—"In My Heart." By John Reade.
(41a) P. [78].—"Laura Secord's Warning," from Mrs. Edgar's "Ridout Letters."
(42) P. [79].—Australian poets and novelists.
(43) P. [80].—Howe's "Flag of Old England."
(44) P. [81].—Canadian essayists: Stewart, Grant, Griffin and others.
(45) P. [81].—W. Kirby's "Golden Dog" and other works.
(45a) P. [82].—Major Richardson's "Wacousta," etc.
(46) P. [82].—Marmette's "François de Bienville," and other romances.
(47) P. [82].—De Gaspé's "Anciens Canadiens."
(48) P. [82].—Mrs. Catherwood's works of fiction.
(49) P. [83].—Gilbert Parker's writings.
(50) P. [83].—DeMille's fiction.
(51) P. [83].—Sara Jeannette Duncan's "A Social Departure," etc.
(52) P. [83].—Matthew Arnold on Literature and Science.
(53) P. [83].—Principal Grant's Address to Royal Society.
(54) P. [84].—Sir J. W. Dawson's scientific labours.
(55) P. [84].—Elkanah Billings as scientist.
(56) P. [84].—Origin of Royal Society of Canada.
(57) P. [84].—Sir D. Wilson, T. S. Hunt and Mr. Chauveau.
(58) P. [84].—Canadian Literary and Scientific Societies.
(58a) P. [85].—The Earl of Derby's farewell address to the Royal Society. His opinion of its work and usefulness.
(59) P. [86].—S. E. Dawson on Tennyson.
(60) P. [86].—The old "Canadian Monthly."
(61) P. [86].—Form of Royal Society Transactions.
(62) P. [86].—Goldwin Smith on the study of the Classics.
(63) P. [87].—Canadian Libraries.
(64) P. [87].—List of artists in Canada. Native born and adopted. Art societies. Influence of French school. Canadian artists at the World's Fair. J. W. L. Forster on Canadian art.
(64a) P. [89].—Architectural art in Canada. List of prominent public buildings noted for beauty and symmetry of form.
(65) P. [91].—"Fidelis."
OUR INTELLECTUAL
STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS.
A SHORT REVIEW OF
Literature, Education and Art in Canada
I.
I cannot more appropriately commence this address than by a reference to an oration delivered seven years ago in the great hall of a famous university which stands beneath the stately elms of Cambridge, in the old "Bay State" of Massachusetts: a noble seat of learning in which Canadians take a deep interest, not only because some of their sons have completed their education within its walls, but because it represents that culture and scholarship which know no national lines of separation, but belong to the world's great Federation of Learning. The orator was a man who, by his deep philosophy, his poetic genius, his broad patriotism, his love for England, her great literature and history, had won for himself a reputation not equalled in some respects by any other citizen of the United States of these later times. In the course of a brilliant oration in honour[1][A] of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of Harvard, James Russell Lowell took occasion to warn his audience against the tendency of a prosperous democracy "towards an overweening confidence in itself and its home-made methods, an overestimate of material success and a corresponding indifference to the things of the mind." He did not deny that wealth is a great fertilizer of civilization and of the arts that beautify it; that wealth is an excellent thing since it means power, leisure and liberty; "but these," he went on to say, "divorced from culture, that is, from intelligent purpose, become the very mockery of their own essence, not goods, but evils fatal to their possessor, and bring with them, like the Nibelungen Hoard, a doom instead of a blessing." "I am saddened," he continued, "when I see our success as a nation measured by the number of acres under tillage, or of bushels of wheat exported; for the real value of a country must be weighed in scales more delicate than the balance of trade. The garners of Sicily are empty now, but the bees from all climes still fetch honey from the tiny garden-plot of Theocritus. On a map of the world you may cover Judea with your thumb, Athens with a finger-tip, and neither of them figures in the Prices Current; but they still lord it in the thought and action of every civilized man. Did not Dante cover with his hood all that was Italy six hundred years ago? And if we go back a century, where was Germany outside of Weimar? Material success is good, but only as the necessary preliminary of better things. The measure of a nation's true success is the amount it has contributed to the thought, the moral energy, the intellectual happiness, the spiritual hope and consolation of mankind."
These eloquently suggestive words, it must be remembered, were addressed by a great American author to an audience, made up of eminent scholars and writers, in the principal academic seat of that New England which has given birth to Emerson, Longfellow, Bancroft, Prescott, Motley, Hawthorne, Holmes, Parkman, and many others, representing the brightest thought and intellect of this continent. These writers were the product of the intellectual development of the many years that had passed since the pilgrims landed on the historic rock of Plymouth. Yet, while Lowell could point to such a brilliant array of historians, essayists, poets and novelists, as I have just named, as the latest results of New England culture, he felt compelled to utter a word of remonstrance against that spirit of materialism that was then as now abroad in the land, tending to stifle those generous intellectual aspirations which are best calculated to make a people truly happy and great.