Since the above was written, my excellent friend Dr. Wistar has departed this life, lamented by the whole country, of which he was an ornament. To me he was more than I can express; he directed and encouraged my humble labours, and to his approbation I looked up as my best reward. He is gone, but his name and his virtues will long be held in remembrance. By me, at least, they shall never be forgotten. This Dedication, therefore, will remain, as a testimony of the high respect I bore to this great and good man while living, and as a tribute justly due to his memory.

J. H.

Bethlehem, March, 1818.

CONTENTS
PART I.

AN ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY, MANNERS, AND CUSTOMS OF THEINDIAN NATIONS WHO ONCE INHABITED PENNSYLVANIA ANDTHE NEIGHBOURING STATES.

PAGE
[Introduction by the Editor]vii
[Dedication]xvii
[Introduction by the Author]xxiii
CHAPTER
I.[Historical Traditions of the Indians]47
II.[Indian Account of the first arrival of the Dutch at New York Island]71
III.[Indian Relations of the conduct of the Europeans towards them]76
IV.[Subsequent fate of the Lenape and their kindred tribes]83
V.[The Iroquois]95
VI.[General character of the Indians]100
VII.[Government]107
VIII.[Education]113
IX.[Languages]118
X.[Signs and hieroglyphics]128
XI.[Oratory]132
XII.[Metaphorical expressions]137
XIII.[Indian names]141
XIV.[Intercourse with each other]145
XV.[Political manœuvres]150
XVI.[Marriage and treatment of their wives]154
XVII.[Respect for the aged]163
XVIII.[Pride and greatness of mind]170
XIX.[Wars and the causes which lead to them]175
XX.[Manner of surprising their enemies]177
XXI.[Peace messengers]181
XXII.[Treaties]185
XXIII.[XIIIGeneral observations of the Indians on the white people]187
XXIV.[Food and cookery]193
XXV.[Dress and ornamenting of their persons]202
XXVI.[Dances, songs, and sacrifices]208
XXVII.[Scalping—whoops or yells—prisoners]215
XXVIII.[Bodily constitution and diseases]220
XXIX.[Remedies]224
XXX.[Physicians and surgeons]228
XXXI.[Doctors or jugglers]231
XXXII.[Superstition]239
XXXIII.[Initiation of boys]245
XXXIV.[Indian mythology]249
XXXV.[Insanity—suicide]257
XXXVI.[Drunkenness]261
XXXVII.[Funerals]268
XXXVIII.[Friendship]277
XXXIX.[Preachers and prophets]290
XL.[Short notice of the Indian chiefs Tamanend and Tadeuskund]300
XLI.[Computation of time—astronomical and geographical knowledge]306
XLII.[General observations and anecdotes]310
XLIII.[Advice to travellers]318
XLIV.[The Indians and the whites compared]328
[Conclusion]346

PART II.
CORRESPONDENCE RESPECTING THE INDIAN LANGUAGES.

PAGE
[Introduction]351
LETTER
I.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 9th January, 1816]353
II.[Dr. C. Wistar to Mr. Heckewelder (same date)]354
III.[Mr. Heckewelder to Dr. Wistar, 24th March]356
IV.[The Same to the Same, 3d April]358
V.[Mr. Duponceau to Dr. Wistar, 14th May]359
VI.[Dr. Wistar to Mr. Heckewelder, 21st May]359
VII.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 27th May]361
VIII.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 10th June]364
IX.[The Same to the Same, 13th June]369
X.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 20th June]371
XI.[The Same to the Same, 24th June]375
XII.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 13th July]376
XIII.[The Same to the Same, 18th July]379
XIV.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 22d July]380
XV.[The Same to the Same, 24th July]383
XVI.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 31st July]387
XVII.[The Same to the Same, 3d August]392
XVIII.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 12th August]395
XIX.[The Same to the Same, 15th August]399
XX.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 21st August]403
XXI.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 26th August]409
XXII.[The Same to the Same, 27th August]414
XXIII.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 30th August]416
XXIV.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 5th September]422
XXV.[Mr. Duponceau to Mr. Heckewelder, 1st October]426
XXVI.[Mr. Heckewelder to Mr. Duponceau, 10th October]430

PART III.