The second line appears to be an interpolation of the editor, but this is not material. The aqueduct begun by Nerva was not finished till the time of Hadrian. The aqueduct of Gregory XIII. and Sixtus V. (Felice) (A.D. 1572-1590) receives the water of this aqueduct, but at Colonna other springs are collected and added to it; this was the work of Fontana.
[176] The Torre Pignattara is so called from the earthenware pots (pignatte) of which the vault was built. Other remains of buildings of importance have been found near the Mausoleum of S. Helena, and there is some reason to believe that another imperial villa was situated there during the first three centuries.
[177] Some say the popular name is Torre de Scavi, or of the excavations from some great works of excavation made there in the twelfth century.
[178] [Note f], p. [88]. “Aquarum ductus etiam infinitas hoc nomine (Hadriani) nuncupavit.” (Spartianus in Hadriano, c. 20.)
[179] It is immediately opposite to the Palatine, and there is a remarkably fine view from the portion of the specus that remains, the vault of which has been removed, and it is used as a terrace.
[180] Mémoire sur les fouilles exécutées à Santa Sabina. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1868, 4to.
[181] EX . FIG . . . . AEAM . . AUGVS . RUST . IT . ET . AQVI . . (Ap. Fea, Fasti Consul., p. cxviii. No. 62.) Junius Rusticus et Aquilinus were Consuls, temp. Marci Aurelii, A.D. 162.
[182] Commodus was emperor from 180 to 192, but was slain at the early age of 31; and it is probable that this great work was left unfinished, and was completed by his successor, Septimius Severus. In the Regionary Catalogue they are mentioned together, and there was probably no division between them.
[183] It was usual to take advantage of the castella aquæ of the great aqueducts to construct bath-chambers of various kinds, both for hot and cold and swimming baths.
[184] This is also mentioned in our account of the Anio Vetus (II.), as the branch at the second mile from Rome according to Frontinus. From the low level, it is more probable that this branch came from the Anio Vetus than from the Marcia, and an itinerant pilgrim of the eighth or ninth century may have been mistaken on this point.