[135] 'Honori et utilitati ecclesiae tota mentis intentione studiosius invigilabit. Verum interim', etc. John of Salisbury (Ep. cxxviii). Note that 'ecclesiae' is the church at large, not the See of Canterbury.
[136] Angevin Kings, i. 443.
[137] Red Book, p. 6.
[138] Preface to Gesta Henrici Regis, II. xcv.
[139] Const. Hist., i. 454.
[140] Ibid., i. 164.
[141] Angevin Kings, i. 458. Both writers quote the passage from John of Salisbury (Ep. xcxviii), on which this explanation is based.
[142] His servitium debitum was one knight.
[143] The force for the Welsh campaign was raised, as we learn from Robert de Monte (alias de Torigni), 'by demanding that every three knights should, instead of serving in person, equip one of their number', as Dr Stubbs rightly puts it (Const. Hist., i. 589), and not, as he elsewhere writes (preface to Gesta Henrici Regis, II. xciv.), by requiring every two to add to themselves a third, 'by which means, if we are to understand it literally, 90,000 knights would appear from 60,000 knights' fees'. The real number would probably be under 2,000.
[144] 'This impost, which afterwards came to be known in English history as the "Great Scutage"' (Angevin Kings, i. 459).