Take the case of early England, one finds the traces of the clan of Billingas in Northampton, Lancashire, Durham, Lincoln, Yorkshire, Sussex, Salop, and other widely-separated districts (Kemble).
The members of these clans bear each the clan patronymic, perform the same superstitious rites, and are bound to mutual defence ... in England a man of the Billinga clan, or of the Arlinga clan, might be a Somersæta, or a Huicca, or a Lindisfara by local tribe. This curious scattering of the family names through the local settlements in England has puzzled Mr. Kemble, who accounts for it by the confusion of the English invasion, and by later wandering and colonisations. But if the Arlingas, Billingas, and so forth, were once scattered over North Germany, as the men of the Sun or Tortoise clans are scattered all over America and Australia, it would necessarily happen that when a Jutland tribe invaded the south of England, it would leave families settled there of the same name as a Schleswig tribe would leave in the north or west of England.
Mr. Lang then goes on to urge the probability that, as in Australia, this phenomenon had its origin in exogamy. But I question, in my paper on the subject, the ‘clan’ phenomenon itself. Mr. Lang, like others, wrote under the influence of Kemble; and it is the very object of my paper to show the danger of building theories on Kemble’s rash conclusions.
Index
A
- Abattis, meaning of, [47].
- Adrian IV., his alleged donation of Ireland, [171–175], [177–179], [199], [200].
- ——, his “bull Laudabiliter,” [171] et seq.
- Ailwin (Æthelwine) son of Leofstan, [105], [118].
- Albemarle, William earl of, [287].
- ——, ——, Cecily wife of, [287].
- Albert of Lotharingia, “clerk,” [36–38].
- Albineio, William de, [152].
- Aldermannebury, Simon de, [254].
- Aldermen, see [London].
- Alenzun, Matthew de, [254].
- Alexander III., his alleged confirmation of “Laudabiliter,” [172], [176], [180], [182], [184], [185], [189], [193], [198].
- ——, his ‘Black Book’ letters to Henry II., [172], [173], [174], [175], [185–190], [191–194], [196–199].
- Allen, Mr. Grant, [5], [16], [22], [23], [25], [321].
- Amiens, échevins of, [235].
- Andrew of London, [110], [111].
- Andrews, Dr., [19].
- Anschetil, [121].
- Archer, Mr. T. A., opposed to Mr. Oman, [43], [48], [50], [51].
- ——, ——, on Strongbow, [309–310].
- Archers, English, in 14th century, [296], [297], [299], [300].
- Archers in Ireland, use of, [157], [160].
- Armies, English, in 14th century, [262] et seq.
- Array, Commissions of, [295], [296].
- Arthur, succession of, [216], [218].
- Arundel, William (1st) earl of, [126–127], [132–134].
- ——, Honour of, [130–131], [132–134].
- Ashdown, battle of, [40].
- Assize in Normandy, [250].
- Assize of Northampton, [233].
B
- Bain, Mr. Joseph, [292], [293], [294].
- Balnai, Adam de, [99].
- Bannockburn, battle of, [289] et seq.
- Barbour’s Brus, [290–291].
- Barons, feudal, in Ireland, [160], [162].
- Barons, greater, see [London].
- Basset, Richard, [121].
- Beaumont (Normandy), Holy Trinity of, [116].
- Becket, see [Beket].
- Beket, Gilbert, [101], [102], [247].
- ——, Thomas, [114], [122], [154], [248].
- Belet, Michael, [87].
- Bémont, M., [302], [303], [305], [313], [314], [318].
- Benefices, Inquest (1212) on ecclesiastical, [267].
- Berkeley, carta of Roger de, [59–60].
- Bigot, Hugh le, [99].
- Bigod, Roger, [152].
- Bigod, Roger, [305], [306], [314].
- Bishops Stortford castle, [120].
- ‘Blanch ferm’ in Domesday, [65], [66].
- ‘Blanch’ money, see [Exchequer].
- Blemund, Blemunt, William, [107], [108].
- Bloomsbury, origin of its name, [108].
- Blund, Geoffrey, [253].
- ——, Robert, [234].
- ——, Stephen, [254].
- Bond, Mr. Thomas, [135].
- Bosham, deanery of, [116].
- Bosham, firma of, [91].
- Boulogne, Count Eustace of, [28], [109], [110], [115], [120].
- ——, Faramus of, [120], [281].
- ——, William of, [120].
- ——, Inquest on Honour of, [270].
- Bradwell, Essex, [270].
- Braose, William de, [152], [253].
- Bray, Thomas, [147–149].
- Brewer, Prof., errors of, [146–149].
- Brito, Meinfininus, [121], [123].
- Bruce, see [Bannockburn].
- Bucherel, Andrew, [264]; see also [Bukerel].
- Buchuinte, Bucquinte, Bucca Uncta, Andrew, [98], [110–113], [121], [124].
- ——, ——, justiciar of London, [99], [108].
- ——, ——, Ralf son of, [101], [108].
- ——, John, [101], [111], [112], [234].
- ——, Laurence, [101].
- Bucuinte, Geoffrey, [254].
- Bukerel, Richard, [120].
- ——, Stephen, [101], [120].
- Bukerel family, [110], [121]; see also [Bucherel].
- Burh, the Old English, see [Clark].
- Burke, Father, [194].
- Burrows, Prof. Montagu, [279].
C
- Caen, a London family derived from, [106–107].
- Calais, Gloucester imprisoned at, [320].
- Cambridge, Longchamp at, [214].
- Cambridgeshire, sheriff of, [122].
- Camden on the marshalship, [305], [313].
- Camville, Gerard de, [217].
- Canterbury, Stephen archbishop of, [267].
- Carew, Sir George, error of, [146], [149].
- Cartæ Antiquæ, origin of, [88].
- Cashel, council of, [183], [187], [188], [191], [192], [193], [194].
- “Castlemanni” of Durham, the, [288].
- Castle-mounds, [52–54].
- Castle Rising, [130].
- Challenge, a chivalrous, [317].
- Chamberlains, see [Exchequer].
- Chapel and the township, the, [10–11].
- Charters of William I., [28–37]; see also [Henry II.], [John].
- Chertsey, William abbot of, [121].
- Chester, Hugh bishop of, [253], [254].
- Chichester, Hilary bishop of, [115], [117].
- Chivalry, see [Challenge].
- Christchurch, see [Twynham] and [London (Holy Trinity)].
- Churches, see [Benefices].
- Cinque Ports, institutions of, [244], [245].
- Clan-names in England, alleged, [16] et seq., [321], [322].
- Clare, Walter son of Richard de, [310]; see also [Pembroke].
- Clark, Mr. G. T., on castles, [52–53], [56], [82], [279].
- Clement III., death of, [210–213].
- Clifford, Robert de, marshal, [306], [307].
- Cnihtengild, the English, see [London].
- Cœlestine II., [212–213].
- Cogan, Richard de, [145].
- Coinage, new (1180), [86], [88–89].
- Coke’s Institutes, [302], [304], [313].
- Commune, the sworn, [223], [224].
- ——, ——, in London, [224] et seq.
- ——, ——, in Normandy, [244] et seq.
- Constabularii, Honor, [280–281].
- Cornage, [282–288].
- Constantine, donation of, [178], [189], [195], [197].
- Constitutio domus regis, the, [82], [310], [311].
- Coote, Mr., [103], [105], [226], [227], [228].
- Cordel, Hugh, [120].
- Cornhill, Gervase of, [107], [111], [112], [117], [120].
- ——, Henry of, [107], [111], [253], [254], [256].
- ——, Reginald of, [256].
- Cornwall, Crown rents in, [71].
- Coronation, of Matilda wife of William I., [35].
- —— of Henry II., [303], [304].
- —— of Richard I., [201–206].
- —— of Eleanor wife of Henry III., [203–206], [303], [304], [311].
- ——, of Richard II., [302].
- Coronation services (“officia”), [203–206], [303].
- Coroner, serjeanty of being, [270].
- Coucy, the (count of Soissons) sire de, [316].
- Coupland, Noutegeld of, [287].
- Courci, John de, [143].
- ——, ——, book of his ‘Gestes,’ [149].
- ——, ——, conquers Ulster, [161–163].
- ——, ——, origin of, [162].
- Courci, Jordan de, [162].
- Courcy, Robert de, [99].
- Courtenay, Reginald de, [152].
- Coutances, Algar bishop of, [99].
- Cows paid for cornage, [287].
- Crecy, battle of, [45], [299–301].
- Cressy, Hugh de, [152].
- Cricklade, Wilts, [83].
- Cumberland, cornage tenants of, [283–285].
- ——, Noutegeld in, [287].
- Curia regis in Treasury, the, [94].
- ——, at Westminster, [111].