A Synopsis of the Birds of North America

by John James Audubon

Plate CCCLXXXVIII. Fig. 1. Male.

Tail almost even. Male with the plumage glossy bluish-black; the smaller wing-coverts deep carmine, their first or posterior row white. Bill considerably longer than in the two following species.

Male, 9; wing, 5.

North California. Abundant. Migratory.

Red-and-white-winged Troopial, Icterus tricolor, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 1.

215. 3. Agelaius Gubernator, Wagler. Red-and-black-shouldered Marsh-Blackbird.

Plate CCCCXX. Male and Female.

Tail slightly rounded. Male with the plumage glossy bluish-black; the smaller wing-coverts carmine scarlet, their first or posterior row tinged with yellow, and broadly tipped with black. Female much smaller, with the upper parts dark brown, the feathers edged with light brown; some of the smaller wing-coverts edged with dull scarlet, the first row with brownish-white; the larger coverts, quills, and tail-feathers, blackish-brown, edged with dull reddish-brown; lower parts longitudinally streaked with dusky and whitish, the fore neck strongly tinged with dull carmine.

Male, 9; wing, 5⁷/₁₂.

California.