Androdămus. See: [Andromadas].
Andrōdus, a slave known and protected in the Roman circus by a lion whose foot he had cured. Aulus Gellius, bk. 5, ch. 15.
Andrŏgeos, a Greek, killed by Æneas and his friends, whom he took to be his countrymen. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 2, li. 371.
Andrŏgeus, son of Minos and Pasiphae, was famous for his skill in wrestling. He overcame every antagonist at Athens, and became such a favourite of the people, that Ægeus king of the country grew jealous of his popularity, and caused him to be assassinated as he was going to Thebes. Some say that he was killed by the wild bull of Marathon. Minos declared war against Athens to revenge the death of his son, and peace was at last re-established on condition that Ægeus sent yearly seven boys and seven girls from Athens to Crete to be devoured by the Minotaur. See: [Minotaurus]. The Athenians established festivals by order of Minos, in honour of his son, and called them Androgeia. Hyginus, fable 41.—Diodorus, bk. 4.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 6, li. 20.—Pausanias, bk. 1, chs. 1 & 27.—Apollodorus, bk. 2, ch. 5; bk. 3, chs. 1 & 15.—Plutarch, Theseus.
Androgy̆næ, a fabulous nation of Africa, beyond the Nasamones. Every one of them bore the characteristics of the male and female sex; and one of their breasts was that of a man, and the other that of a woman. Lucretius, bk. 5, li. 837.—Pliny, bk. 7, ch. 2.
Andrŏmăche, a daughter of Eetion king of Thebes in Cilicia, married Hector son of Priam king of Troy, by whom she had Astyanax. She was so fond of her husband, that she even fed his horses with her own hand. During the Trojan war she remained at home employed in her domestic concerns. Her parting with Hector, who was going to a battle, in which he perished, has always been deemed the best, most tender and pathetic of all the passages in Homer’s Iliad. She received the news of her husband’s death with extreme sorrow; and after the taking of Troy, she had the misfortune to see her only son Astyanax, after she had saved him from the flames, thrown headlong from the walls of the city, by the hands of the man whose father had killed her husband. Seneca, Troades. Andromache, in the division of the prisoners by the Greeks, fell to the share of Neoptolemus, who treated her as his wife, and carried her to Epirus. He had by her three sons, Molossus, Piclus, and Pergamus, and afterwards repudiated her. After this divorce she married Helenus son of Priam, who, as herself, was a captive of Pyrrhus. She reigned with him over part of the country, and became mother by him of Cestrinus. Some say that Astyanax was killed by Ulysses, and Euripides says that Menelaus put him to death. Homer, Iliad, bks. 6, 22, & 24.—Quintus Calaber [Smyrnæus], bk. 1.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 3, li. 486.—Hyginus, fable 123.—Dares Phrygius.—Ovid, Amores, bk. 1, poem 9, li. 35; Tristia, bk. 5, poem 6, li. 43.—Apollodorus, bk. 3, ch. 12.—Pausanias, bk. 1, ch. 11.
Andromachidæ, a nation who presented to their king all the virgins who were of nubile years, and permitted him to use them as he pleased.
Andromăchus, an opulent person of Sicily, father to the historian Timæus. Diodorus, bk. 16. He assisted Timoleon in recovering the liberty of the Syracusans.——A general of Alexander, to whom Parmenio gave the government of Syria. He was burnt alive by the Samaritans. Curtius, bk. 4, chs. 5 & 8.——An officer of Seleucus the younger. Polyænus, bk. 4.——A poet of Byzantium.——A physician of Crete, in the age of Nero.——A sophist of Naples, in the age of Diocletian.
Andromădus, or Androdamus, a native of Rhegium, who made laws for the Thracians concerning the punishment of homicide, &c. Aristotle.
Andrŏmĕda, a daughter of Cepheus king of Æthiopia by Cassiope. She was promised in marriage to Phineus her uncle, when Neptune drowned the kingdom, and sent a sea monster to ravage the country, because Cassiope had boasted herself fairer than Juno and the Nereides. The oracle of Jupiter Ammon was consulted, and nothing could stop the resentment of Neptune, if Andromeda was not exposed to the sea monster. She was accordingly tied naked on a rock, and at the moment that the monster was going to devour her, Perseus, who returned through the air from the conquest of the Gorgons, saw her, and was captivated with her beauty. He promised to deliver her and destroy the monster, if he received her in marriage as a reward for his trouble. Cepheus consented, and Perseus changed the sea monster into a rock, by showing him Medusa’s head, and untied Andromeda and married her. He had by her many children, among whom were Sthenelus, Ancæus, and Electryon. The marriage of Andromeda with Perseus was opposed by Phineus, who, after a bloody battle, was changed into a stone by Perseus. Some say that Minerva made Andromeda a constellation in heaven after her death. See: [Medusa], [Perseus]. Hyginus, fable 64.—Cicero, de Natura Deorum, bk. 2, ch. 43.—Apollodorus, bk. 2, ch. 4.—Marcus Manilius, bk. 5, li. 533.—Propertius, bk. 3, poem 21.——According to Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 31, it was at Joppa in Judæa that Andromeda was tied on a rock. He mentions that the skeleton of the huge sea monster, to which she had been exposed, was brought to Rome by Scaurus, and carefully preserved. The fable of Andromeda and the sea monster has been explained, by supposing that she was courted by the captain of a ship, who attempted to carry her away, but was prevented by the interposition of another more faithful lover.