Tympania, an inland town of Elis.
Tynphæi, a people between Epirus and Thessaly.
Tyndărĭdæ, a patronymic of the children of Tyndarus, as Castor, Pollux, and Helen, &c. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 8.——A people of Colchis.
Tyndăris, a patronymic of Helen daughter of Tyndarus. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 2, li. 569.——A town of Sicily near Pelorus, founded by a Messenian colony. Strabo, bk. 6.—Pliny, bk. 2, ch. 91.—Silius Italicus, bk. 14, li. 209.——Horace gave this name to one of his mistresses, as best expressive of all female accomplishments, bk. 1, ode 17, li. 10.——A name given to Cassandra. Ovid, Ars Amatoria, bk. 2, li. 408.——A town of Colchis on the Phasis. Pliny.
Tyndărus, son of Œbalus and Gorgophone, or, according to some, of Perieres. He was king of Lacedæmon, and married the celebrated Leda, who bore him Timandra, Philonoe, &c., and also became mother of Pollux and Helen by Jupiter. See: [Leda], [Castor], [Pollux], [Clytemnestra], &c.
Tynnĭchus, a general of Heraclea. Polyænus.
Typhœus, or Typhon, a famous giant, son of Tartarus and Terra, who had 100 heads like those of a serpent or a dragon. Flames of devouring fire were darted from his mouth and from his eyes, and he uttered horrid yells, like the dissonant shrieks of different animals. He was no sooner born, than, to avenge the death of his brothers the giants, he made war against heaven, and so frightened the gods that they fled away and assumed different shapes. Jupiter became a ram, Mercury an ibis, [♦]Apollo a crow, Juno a cow, Bacchus a goat, Diana a cat, Venus a fish, &c. The father of the gods at last resumed courage, and put Typhœus to flight with his thunderbolts, and crushed him under mount Ætna, in the island of Sicily, or, according to some, under the island Inarime. Typhœus became father of Geryon, Cerberus, and Orthos by his union with Echidna. Hyginus, fables 152 & 196.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 5, li. 325.—Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes.—Hesiod, Theogony, li. 820.—Homer, Hymns.—Herodotus, bk. 2, ch. 156.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 9, li. 716.
[♦] ‘Appollo’ replaced with ‘Apollo’
Typhon, a giant whom Juno produced by striking the earth. Some of the poets make him the same as the famous Typhœus. See: [Typhœus].——A brother of Osiris, who married Nepthys. He laid snares for his brother during his expedition, and murdered him at his return. The death of Osiris was avenged by his son Orus, and Typhon was put to death. See: [Osiris]. He was reckoned among the Egyptians to be the cause of every evil, and on that account generally represented as a wolf and a crocodile. Plutarch, de Iside et Osiride.—Diodorus, bk. 1.
Tyrannion, a grammarian of Pontus, intimate with Cicero. His original name was Theophrastus, and he received that of Tyrannion, from his austerity to his pupils. He was taken by Lucullus, and restored to his liberty by Muræna. He opened a school in the house of his friend Cicero, and enjoyed his friendship. He was extremely fond of books, and collected a library of about 30,000 volumes. To his care and industry the world is indebted for the preservation of Aristotle’s works.——There was also one of his disciples called Diocles, who bore his name. He was a native of Phœnicia, and was made prisoner in the war of Augustus and Antony. He was bought by Dymes, one of the emperors favourites, and afterwards by Terentia, who gave him his liberty. He wrote 68 different volumes, in one of which he proved that the Latin tongue was derived from the Greek; and another in which Homer’s poems were corrected, &c.