Arimphœi, a people of Scythia near the Riphæan mountains, who lived chiefly upon berries in the woods, and were remarkable for their innocence and mildness. Pliny, bk. 6, ch. 7.
Arĭmus, a king of Mysia. Varro.
Ariobarzānes, a man made king of Cappadocia by the Romans, after the troubles which the false Ariarathes had raised had subsided. Mithridates drove him from his kingdom, but the Romans restored him. He followed the interest of Pompey, and fought at Pharsalia against Julius Cæsar. He and his kingdom were preserved by means of Cicero. Cicero, bk. 5, Letters to Atticus, ltr. 29.—Horace, ltr. 6, li. 38.—Florus, bk. 3, ch. 5.——A satrap of Phrygia, who, after the death of Mithridates, invaded the kingdom of Pontus, and kept it for 26 years. He was succeeded by the son of Mithridates. Diodorus, bk. 17.——A general of Darius, who defended the passes of Susa with 15,000 foot against Alexander. After a bloody encounter with the Macedonians, he was killed as he attempted to seize the city of Persepolis. Diodorus, bk. 17.—Curtius, bks. 4 & 5.——A Mede of elegant stature and great prudence, whom Tiberius appointed to settle the troubles of Armenia. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 2, ch. 4.——A mountain between Parthia and the country of the Massagetæ.——A satrap, who revolted from the Persian king.
Ariomandes, son of Gobryas, was general of Athens against the Persians. Plutarch, Cimon.
Ariomardus, a son of Darius, in the army of Xerxes when he went against Greece. Herodotus, bk. 7, ch. 78.
Ariomēdes, a pilot of Xerxes.
Arīon, a famous lyric poet and musician, son of Cyclos of Methymna, in the island of Lesbos. He went into Italy with Periander tyrant of Corinth, where he obtained immense riches by his profession. Some time after, he wished to revisit his country; and the sailors of the ship in which he embarked resolved to murder him, to obtain the riches which he was carrying to Lesbos. Arion, seeing them inflexible in their resolution, begged that he might be permitted to play some melodious tune; and as soon as he had finished it, he threw himself into the sea. A number of dolphins had been attracted round the ship by the sweetness of his music; and it is said that one of them carried him safe on his back to Tænarus, whence he hastened to the court of Periander, who ordered all the sailors to be crucified at their return. Hyginus, fable 194.—Herodotus, bk. 1, chs. 23 & 24.—Ælian, de Natura Animalium, bk. 13, ch. 45.—Silius Italicus, bk. 11.—Propertius, bk. 2, poem 26, li. 17.—Plutarch, Convivium Septem Sapientium.——A horse, sprung from Ceres and Neptune. Ceres, when she travelled over the world in quest of her daughter Proserpine, had taken the figure of a mare, to avoid the importuning addresses of Neptune. The god changed himself also into a horse, and from their union arose a daughter called Hera, and the horse Arion, which had the power of speech, the feet on the right side like those of a man, and the rest of the body like a horse. Arion was brought up by the Nereides, who often harnessed him to his father’s chariot, which he drew over the sea with uncommon swiftness. Neptune gave him to Copreus, who presented him to Hercules. Adrastus king of Argos received him as a present from Hercules and with this wonderful animal he won the prize at the Nemæan games. Arion, therefore, is often called the horse of Adrastus. Pausanias, bk. 8, ch. 25.—Propertius, bk. 2, poem 34, li. 37.—Apollodorus, bk. 3, ch. 6.
Ariovistus, a king of Germany, who professed himself a friend of Rome. When Cæsar was in Gaul, Ariovistus marched against him, and was conquered with the loss of 80,000 men. Cæsar, Gallic War, bk. 1.—Tacitus, Histories, bk. 4.
Aris, a river of Messenia. Pausanias, bk. 4, ch. 31.
Arisba, a town of Lesbos, destroyed by an earthquake. Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 31.——A colony of the Mityleneans in Troas, destroyed by the Trojans before the coming of the Greeks. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 9, li. 264.—Homer, Iliad, bk. 7.——The name of Priam’s first wife, divorced that the monarch might marry Hecuba.