Arsēna, a marsh of Armenia Major whose fishes are all of the same sort. Strabo.
Arses, the youngest son of Ochus, whom the eunuch Bagoas raised to the throne of Persia, and destroyed with his children, after a reign of three years. Diodorus, bk. 17.
Arsia, a wood of Etruria, famous for a battle between the Romans and the Veientes. Plutarch, Poplicola.——A small river between Illyricum and Istria, falling into the Adriatic.——A river of Italy, flowing through Campania.
Arsidæus, a son of Datames, &c.
Arsinoe, daughter of Leucippus and Philodice, was mother of Æsculapius by Apollo, according to some authors. She received divine honours after death at Sparta. Apollodorus, bk. 3.—Pausanias, bk. 2, ch. 26; bk. 3, ch. 12.——A daughter of Phlegeus, promised in marriage to Alcmæon. Apollodorus, bk. 3, ch. 7.——A fountain of Peloponnesus. Pausanias, Messenia.——The sister and wife of Ptolemy Philadelphus, worshipped after death under the name of Venus Zephyritis. Dinochares began to build her a temple with loadstones, in which there stood a statue of Arsinoe suspended in the air by the power of the magnet; but the death of the architect prevented its being perfected. Pliny, bk. 34, ch. 14.——A daughter of Ptolemy Lagus, who married Lysimachus king of Macedonia. After her husband’s death, Ceraunus, her own brother, married her, and ascended the throne of Macedonia. He previously murdered Lysimachus and Philip, the sons of Arsinoe by Lysimachus, in their mother’s arms. Arsinoe was some time after banished to Samothrace. Justin, bk. 17, ch. 1, &c.——A younger daughter of Ptolemy Auletes, sister to Cleopatra. Antony despatched her to gain the good graces of her sister. Hirtius, Alexandrine War, ch. 4.—Appian.——The wife of Magas king of Cyrene, who committed adultery with her son-in-law. Justin, bk. 26, ch. 3.——A daughter of Lysimachus. Pausanias.——A town of Egypt, situated near the lake of Mœris, on the western shore of the Nile, where the inhabitants paid the highest veneration to the crocodiles. They nourished them in a splendid manner, and embalmed them after death, and buried them in the subterraneous cells of the labyrinth. Strabo.——A town of Cilicia,——of Æolia,——of Syria,——of Cyprus,——of Lycia, &c.
Arsites, a satrap of Paphlagonia.
Artabānus, son of Hystaspes, was brother to Darius I. He dissuaded his nephew Xerxes from making war against the Greeks, and at his return, he assassinated him with the hopes of ascending the throne. Darius the son of Xerxes was murdered in a similar manner; and Artaxerxes his brother would have shared the same fate, had not he discovered the snares of the assassin, and punished him with death. Diodorus, bk. 11.—Justin, bk. 3, ch. 1, &c.—Herodotus, bk. 4, ch. 38; bk. 7, ch. 10, &c.——A king of Parthia, after the death of his nephew Phraates II. He undertook a war against a nation of Scythia, in which he perished. His son Mithridates succeeded him, and merited the appellation of Great. Justin, bk. 42, ch. 2.——A king of Media, and afterwards of Parthia, after the expulsion of Vonones, whom Tiberius had made king there. He invaded Armenia, from whence he was driven away by one of the generals of Tiberius. He was expelled from his throne, which Tiridates usurped; and some time after he was restored again to his ancient power, and died A.D. 48. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 5, &c.——A king of Parthia, very inimical to the interest of Vespasian.——Another king of Parthia, who made war against the emperor Caracalla, who had attempted his life on pretence of courting his daughter. He was murdered, and the power of Parthia abolished, and the crown transferred to the Persian monarchs. Dio Cassius.—Herodian.
Artabazānes, or Artamĕnes, the eldest son of Darius, when a private person. He attempted to succeed to the Persian throne, in preference to Xerxes. Justin.
Artabāzus, a son of Pharnaces, general in the army of Xerxes. He fled from Greece upon the ill success of Mardonius. Herodotus, bks. 7, 8, & 9.——A general who made war against Artaxerxes, and was defeated. He was afterwards reconciled to his prince, and became the familiar friend of Darius III. After the murder of this prince, he surrendered himself up with his sons to Alexander, who treated him with much humanity and confidence. Curtius, bk. 5, chs. 9 & 12; bk. 6, ch. 5; bk. 7, chs. 3 & 5; bk. 8, ch. 1.——An officer of Artaxerxes against Datames. Diodorus, bk. 15.
Artabri and Artabrĭtæ, a people of Lusitania, who received their name from Artabrum, a promontory on the coast of Spain, now called Finisterre. Silius Italicus, bk. 3, li. 362.