Cinnadon, a Lacedæmonian youth, who resolved to put to death the Ephori, and seize upon the sovereign power. His conspiracy was discovered, and he was put to death. Aristotle.
Cinnămus, a hair-dresser at Rome, ridiculed by Martial, bk. 7, ltr. 63.
Cinniana, a town of Lusitania, famous for the valour of its citizens. Valerius Maximus, bk. 6, ch. 4.
Cinxia, a surname of Juno, who presided over marriages, and was supposed to untie the girdles of new brides.
Cinyps and Cinyphus, a river and country of Africa near the Garamantes, whence Cinyphius. Virgil, Georgics, bk. 3, li. 312.—Herodotus, bk. 4, ch. 198.—Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 4.—Martial, bk. 7, ltr. 94.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 7, li. 272; bk. 15, li. 755.—Lucan, bk. 9, li. 787.
Ciny̆ras, a king of Cyprus, son of Paphus, who married Cenchreis, by whom he had a daughter called Myrrha. Myrrha fell in love with her father; and, in the absence of her mother at the celebration of the festivals of Ceres, she introduced herself into his bed by means of her nurse. Cinyras had by her a son called Adonis; and when he knew the incest which he had committed, he attempted to stab his daughter, who escaped his pursuit and fled to Arabia, where, after she had brought forth, she was changed into a tree, which still bears her name. Cinyras, according to some, stabbed himself. He was so rich, that his opulence, like that of Crœsus, became proverbial. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 10, fable 9.—Plutarch, Parallela minora—Hyginus, fables 242, 248, &c.——A son of Laodice. Apollodorus, bk. 3, ch. 9.——A man who brought a colony from Syria to Cyprus. Apollodorus, bk. 3, ch. 14.——A Ligurian, who assisted Æneas against Turnus. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 10, li. 186.
Cios, a river of Thrace. Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 32.——A commercial place of Phrygia.——The name of three cities in Bithynia.
Cippus, a noble Roman, who, as he returned home victorious, was told that if he entered the city he must reign there. Unwilling to enslave his country, he assembled the senate without the walls, and banished himself for ever from the city, and retired to live upon a single acre of ground. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 15, li. 565.
Circæum, now Circello, a promontory of Latium, near a small town called Circeii, at the south of the Pontine marshes. The people were called Circeienses. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 14, li. 248.—Virgil, Æneid, bk. 7, li. 799.—Livy, bk. 6, ch. 17.—Cicero, de Natura Deorum, bk. 3, ch. 19.
Circe, a daughter of Sol and Perseis, celebrated for her knowledge of magic and venomous herbs. She was sister to Æetes king of Colchis, and Pasiphae the wife of Minos. She married a Sarmatian prince of Colchis, whom she murdered to obtain his kingdom. She was expelled by her subjects, and carried by her father upon the coasts of Italy, in an island called Ææa. Ulysses, at his return from the Trojan war, visited the place of her residence; and all his companions, who ran headlong into pleasure and voluptuousness, were changed by Circe’s potions into filthy swine. Ulysses, who was fortified against all enchantments by a herb called moly, which he had received from Mercury, went to Circe, and demanded, sword in hand, the restoration of his companions to their former state. She complied, and loaded the hero with pleasures and honours. In this voluptuous retreat, Ulysses had by Circe one son called Telegonus, or two according to Hesiod, called Agrius and Latinus. For one whole year Ulysses forgot his glory in Circe’s arms, and at his departure the nymph advised him to descend into hell, and consult the manes of Tiresias, concerning the fates that attended him. Circe showed herself cruel to Scylla her rival, and to Picus. See: [Scylla] and [Picus]. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 14, fables 1 & 5.—Horace, bk. 1, ltr. 2; bk. 1, ode 17.—Virgil, Eclogues, poem 8, li. 70; Æneid, bk. 3, li. 386; bk. 7, li. 10, &c.—Hyginus, fable 125.—Apollonius, bk. 4, Argonautica.—Homer, Odyssey, bk. 10, li. 136, &c.—Apollodorus, bk. 1, ch. 9.—Hesiod, Theogony, li. 956.—Strabo, bk. 5.