Clearchus, a tyrant of Heraclea in Pontus, who was killed by Chion and Leonidas, Plato’s pupils, during the celebration of the festivals of Bacchus, after the enjoyment of the sovereign power during 12 years, 353 B.C. Justin, bk. 16, ch. 4.—Diodorus, bk. 15.——The second tyrant of Heraclea of that name, died B.C. 288.——A Lacedæmonian sent to quiet the Byzantines. He was recalled but refused to obey, and fled to Cyrus the younger, who made him captain of 13,000 Greek soldiers. He obtained a victory over Artaxerxes, who was so enraged at the defeat, that when Clearchus fell into his hands by the treachery of Tissaphernes, he put him to immediate death. Diodorus, bk. 14.——A disciple of Aristotle, who wrote a treatise on tactics, &c. Xenophon.
Clearides, a son of Cleonymus governor of Amphipolis. Thucydides, bk. 4, ch. 132; bk. 5, ch. 10.
Clemens Romanus, one of the fathers of the church, said to be contemporary with St. Paul. Several spurious compositions are ascribed to him, but the only thing extant is his epistle to the Corinthians, written to quiet the disturbances that had arisen there. It has been much admired. The best edition is that of Wotton, 8vo, Cambridge, 1718.——Another of Alexandria, called from thence Alexandrinus, who flourished 206 A.D. His works are various, elegant, and full of erudition; the best edition of which is Potter’s, 2 vols., folio, Oxford, 1715.——A senator who favoured the party of Niger against Severus.
Clementia, one of the virtues to whom the Romans paid adoration.
Cleo, a Sicilian among Alexander’s flatterers. Curtius, bk. 8, ch. 5.
Cleŏbis and Biton, two youths, sons of Cydippe, the priestess of Juno at Argos. When oxen could not be procured to draw their mother’s chariot to the temple of Juno, they put themselves under the yoke, and drew it 45 stadia to the temple, amidst the acclamations of the multitude, who congratulated the mother on account of the filial affection of her sons. Cydippe entreated the goddess to reward the piety of her sons with the best gift that could be granted to a mortal. They went to rest, and awoke no more; and by this the goddess showed, that death is the only true happy event that can happen to man. The Argives raised statues at Delphi. Cicero, Tusculanæ Disputations, bk. 1, ch. 47.—Valerius Maximus, bk. 5, ch. 4.—Herodotus, bk. 1, ch. 31.—Plutarch, de Consolatio ad Apollonium.
Cleobūla, the wife of Amyntor, by whom she had Phœnix.——A daughter of Boreas and Orithyia, called also Cleopatra. She married Phineus son of Agenor, by whom she had Plexippus and Pandion. Phineus repudiated her to marry a daughter of Dardanus. Apollodorus, bk. 3, ch. 15.——A woman, mother of a son called Euripides by Apollo.——Another, who bore Cepheus and Amphidamus to Ægeus.——The mother of Pithus. Hyginus, fables 14, 97, &c.
Cleobūlīna, a daughter of Cleobulus, remarkable for her genius, learning, judgment, and courage. She composed enigmas, some of which have been preserved. One of them runs thus: “A father had 12 children, and these 12 children had each 30 white sons and 30 black daughters, who are immortal, though they died every day.” In this there is no need of an Œdipus to discover that there are 12 months in the year, and that every month consists of 30 days, and of the same number of nights. Diogenes Laërtius.
Cleobūlus, one of the seven wise men of Greece, son of Evagoras of Lindos, famous for the beautiful shape of his body. He wrote some few verses, and died in the 70th year of his age, B.C. 564. Diogenes Laërtius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers.—Plutarch, Convivium Septem Sapientium.——An historian. Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 31.——One of the Ephori. Thucydides.
Cleochares, a man sent by Alexander to demand Porus to surrender. Curtius, bk. 8, ch. 13.