Cynūrenses, a people of Arcadia. Pausanias, bk. 8, ch. 27.
Cynus, a naval station of Opus. Pausanias, bk. 10, ch. 1.
Cypărissi and Cyparissia, a town of Peloponnesus, near Massenia. Livy, bk. 32, ch. 31.—Pliny, bk. 4, ch. 5.
Cypărissus, a youth, son of Telephus of Cea, beloved by Apollo. He killed a favourite stag of Apollo’s, for which he was so sorry that he pined away, and was changed by the god into a cypress tree. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 3, li. 680.—Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 10, li. 121.——A town near Delphi. Mela, bk. 2, ch. 3.
Cyphăra, a fortified place of Thessaly. Livy, bk. 32, ch. 13.
Cypriānus, a native of Carthage, who, though born of heathen parents, became a convert to christianity, and the bishop of his countrymen. To be more devoted to purity and study, he abandoned his wife; and as a proof of his charity, he distributed his goods to the poor. He wrote 81 letters, besides several treatises, De Dei gratiâ, De virginum habitu, &c., and rendered his compositions valuable by the information which he conveys of the discipline of the ancient church, and by the soundness and purity of his theology. He died a martyr, A.D. 258. The best editions of Cyprian are that of Fell, folio, Oxford, 1682, and that reprinted Amsterdam, 1700.
Cyprus, a daughter of Antony and Cleopatra, who married Agrippa.——A large island in the Mediterranean sea, at the south of Cilicia, and at the west of Syria, formerly joined to the continent near Syria, according to Pliny. It has been anciently called Acamantis, Amathusia, Aspelia, Cerastis, Colonia or Colinia, Macaria, and Spechia. It has been celebrated for giving birth to Venus surnamed Cypris, who was the chief deity of the place, and to whose service many places and temples were consecrated. It was anciently divided into nine kingdoms, and was for some time under the power of Egypt, and afterwards of the Persians. The Greeks made themselves masters of it, and it was taken from them by the Romans. Its length, according to Strabo, is 1400 stadia. There were three celebrated temples there, two sacred to Venus, and the other to Jupiter. The inhabitants were given much to pleasure and dissipation. Strabo, bk. 16.—Ptolemy, bk. 5, ch. 14.—Florus, bk. 3, ch. 9.—Justin, bk. 18, ch. 5.—Pliny, bk. 12, ch. 24; bk. 33, ch. 3; bk. 36, ch. 26.—Mela, bk. 2, ch. 7.
Cypsĕlĭdes, the name of three princes as descendants of Cypselus, who reigned at Corinth during 73 years. Cypselus was succeeded by his son Periander, who left his kingdom, after a reign of 40 years, to Cypselus II.
[♦]Cypsĕsus, a king of Arcadia, who married the daughter of Ctesiphon, to strengthen himself against the Heraclidæ. Pausanias, bk. 4, ch. 3.——A man of Corinth, son of Eetion and father of Periander. He destroyed the Bacchiadæ, and seized upon the sovereign power, about 659 years before Christ. He reigned 30 years, and was succeeded by his son. Periander had two sons, Lycophron and Cypselus, who was insane. Cypselus received his name from the Greek word κυψελος, a coffer, because when the Bacchiadæ attempted to kill him, his mother saved his life by concealing him in a coffer. Pausanias, bk. 5, ch. 17.—Cicero, Tusculanæ Disputationes, bk. 5, ch. 37.—Herodotus, bk. 1, ch. 114; bk. 5, ch. 92, &c.—Aristotle, Politics.——The father of Miltiades. Herodotus, bk. 6, ch. 35.
[♦] ‘Cysĕsus’ replaced with ‘Cypsĕsus’