Agĭdæ, the descendants of Eurysthenes, who shared the throne of Sparta with the Proclidæ. The name is derived from Agis son of Eurysthenes. The family became extinct in the person of Cleomenes son of Leonidas. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 8, li. 682.
Agilāus, king of Corinth, reigned 36 years.——One of the Ephori, almost murdered by the partisans of Cleomenes. Plutarch, Cleomenes.
Agis, king of Sparta, succeeded his father Eurysthenes, and, after a reign of one year, was succeeded by his son Echestratus, B.C. 1058. Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 2.——Another king of Sparta, who waged bloody wars against Athens, and restored liberty to many Greek cities. He attempted to restore the laws of Lycurgus at Sparta, but in vain; the perfidy of friends, who pretended to second his views, brought him to difficulties, and he was at last dragged from a temple, where he had taken refuge, to a prison, where he was strangled by order of the Ephori. Plutarch, Agis.——Another, son of Archidamus, who signalized himself in the war which the Spartans waged against Epidaurus. He obtained a victory at Mantinea, and was successful in the Peloponnesian war. He reigned 27 years. Thucydides, bks. 3 & 4.—Pausanias, bk. 3, chs. 8 & 10.——Another, son of Archidamus king of Sparta, who endeavoured to deliver Greece from the empire of Macedonia, with the assistance of the Persians. He was conquered in the attempt, and slain by Antipater, Alexander’s general, and 5300 Lacedæmonians perished with him. Curtius, bk. 6, ch. 1.—Diodorus, bk. 17.—Justin, bk. 12, ch. 1, &c.——Another, son of Eudamidas, killed in a battle against the Mantineans. Pausanias, bk. 8, ch. 10.——An Arcadian in the expedition of Cyrus against his father Artaxerxes. Polyænus, bk. 7, ch. 18.——A poet of Argos, who accompanied Alexander into Asia, and said that Bacchus and the sons of Leda would give way to his hero, when a god. Curtius, bk. 8, ch. 5.——A Lycian, who followed Æneas into Italy, where he was killed. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 10, li. 751.
Aglāia, one of the Graces, called sometimes Pasiphae. Her sisters were Euphrosyne and Thalia, and they were all daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome. Pausanias, bk. 9, ch. 35.
Aglaonīce, daughter of Hegemon, was acquainted with astronomy and eclipses, whence she boasted of her power to draw down the moon from heaven. Plutarch, de Defectu Oraculorum.
Aglaŏpe, one of the Sirens.
Aglaŏphon, an excellent Greek painter. Pliny, bk. 35, ch. 8.
Aglaosthĕnes, wrote a history of Naxos. Strabo, bk. 6.
Aglauros, or Agraulos, daughter of Erechtheus the oldest king of Athens, was changed into a stone by Mercury. Some make her daughter of Cecrops. See: [Herse]. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 2, fable 12.
Aglaus, the poorest man of Arcadia, pronounced by the oracle more happy than Gyges king of Lydia. Pliny, bk. 7, ch. 46.—Valerius Maximus, bk. 7, ch. 1.