Itūrum, a town of Umbria.
Ity̆lus, a son of Zetheus and Ædon, killed by his mother. See: [Ædon]. Homer, Odyssey, bk. 19, li. 462.
Ityræi, a people of Palestine. See: [Ituræa].
Itys, a son of Tereus king of Thrace by Procne, daughter of Pandion king of Athens. He was killed by his mother when he was about six years old, and served up as meat before his father. He was changed into a pheasant, his mother into a swallow, and his father into an owl. See: [Philomela]. Ovid, Metamorphoses, bk. 6, li. 620; Amores, bk. 2, poem 14, li. 29.—Horace, bk. 4, ode 12.——A Trojan who came to Italy with Æneas, and was killed by Turnus. Virgil, Æneid, bk. 9, li. 574.
Juba, a king of Numidia and Mauritania, who succeeded his father Hiempsal, and favoured the cause of Pompey against Julius Cæsar. He defeated Curio, whom Cæsar had sent to Africa, and after the battle of Pharsalia, he joined his forces to those of Scipio. He was conquered in a battle at Thapsus, and totally abandoned by his subjects. He killed himself with Petreius, who had shared his good fortune and his adversity. His kingdom became a Roman province, of which Sallust was the first governor. Plutarch, Pompey & Cæsar.—Florus, bk. 4, ch. 12.—Suetonius, Cæsar, ch. 35.—Dio Cassius, bk. 41.—Mela, bk. 1, ch. 6.—Lucan, bk. 3, &c.—Cæsar, Civil War, bk. 2.—Paterculus, bk. 2, ch. 54.——The second of that name was the son of Juba I. He was led among the captives to Rome, to adorn the triumph of Cæsar. His captivity was the source of the greatest honours, and his application to study procured him more glory than he could have obtained from the inheritance of a kingdom. He gained the hearts of the Romans by the courteousness of his manners, and Augustus rewarded his fidelity by giving him in marriage Cleopatra the daughter of Antony, and conferring upon him the title of king, and making him master of all the territories which his father once possessed. His popularity was so great, that the Mauritanians rewarded his benevolence by making him one of their gods. The Athenians raised him a statue, and the Æthiopians worshipped him as a deity. Juba wrote a history of Rome in Greek, which is often quoted and commended by the ancients, but of which only a few fragments remain. He also wrote on the history of Arabia and the antiquities of Assyria, chiefly collected from Berosus. Besides these he composed some treatises upon the drama, Roman antiquities, the nature of animals, painting, grammar, &c., now lost. Strabo, bk. 17.—Suetonius, Caligula, ch. 26.—Pliny, bk. 5, chs. 25 & 32.—Dio Cassius, bk. 51, &c.
Judacilius, a native of Asculum celebrated for his patriotism, in the age of Pompey, &c.
Judæa, a famous country of Assyria, bounded by Arabia, Egypt, Phœnicia, the Mediterranean sea, and part of Syria. The inhabitants, whose history is best collected from the Holy Scriptures, were chiefly governed after their Babylonish captivity by the high priests, who raised themselves to the rank of princes, B.C. 153, and continued in the enjoyment of regal power till the age of Augustus. Plutarch, de Iside et Osiride.—Strabo, bk. 16.—Dio Cassius, bk. 36.—Tacitus, Histories, bk. 5, ch. 6.—Lucan, bk. 2, li. 593.
Jugālis, a surname of Juno, because she presided over marriage. Festus, Lexicon of Festus.
Jugantes, a people of Britain. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 12, ch. 32.
Jugarius, a street in Rome, below the Capitol.