Lamalmon, a large mountain of Æthiopia.
Lambrāni, a people of Italy near the Lambrus. Suetonius, Cæsar.
Lambrus, a river of Cisalpine Gaul, falling into the Po.
Lămia, a town of Thessaly at the bottom of the Sinus Maliacus or Lamiacus, and north of the river Sperchius, famous for a siege which it supported after Alexander’s death. See: [Lamiacum]. Diodorus, bk. 16, &c.—Pausanias, bk. 7, ch. 6.——A river of Greece opposite mount Œta.——A daughter of Neptune, mother of Hierophile, an ancient Sibyl, by Jupiter. Pausanias, bk. 10, ch. 12.——A famous courtesan, mistress to Demetrius Poliorcetes. Plutarch, Demetrius.—Athenæus, bk. 13.—Ælian, Varia Historia, bk. 13, ch. 9.
Lamia and Auxesia, two deities of Crete, whose worship was the same as at Eleusis. The Epidaurians made them two statues of an olive tree given them by the Athenians, provided they came to offer a sacrifice to Minerva at Athens. Pausanias, bk. 2, ch. 30, &c.
Lamiăcum bellum, happened after the death of Alexander, when the Greeks, and particularly the Athenians, incited by their orators, resolved to free Greece from the garrisons of the Macedonians. Leosthenes was appointed commander of a numerous force, and marched against Antipater, who then presided over Macedonia. Antipater entered Thessaly at the head of 13,000 foot and 600 horse, and was beaten by the superior force of the Athenians and of their Greek confederates. Antipater after this blow fled to Lamia, B.C. 323, where he resolved, with all the courage and sagacity of a careful general, to maintain a siege with about the 8000 or 9000 men that had escaped from the field of battle. Leosthenes, unable to take the city by storm, began to make a regular siege. His operations were delayed by the frequent sallies of Antipater; and Leosthenes being killed by the blow of a stone, Antipater made his escape out of Lamia, and soon after, with the assistance of the army of Craterus brought from Asia, he gave the Athenians battle near Cranon, and though only 500 of their men were slain, yet they became so dispirited, that they sued for peace from the conqueror. Antipater at last with difficulty consented, provided they raised taxes in the usual manner, received a Macedonian garrison, defrayed the expenses of the war, and lastly, delivered into his hands Demosthenes and Hyperides, the two orators, whose prevailing eloquence had excited their countrymen against him. These disadvantageous terms were accepted by the Athenians, yet Demosthenes had time to escape and poison himself. Hyperides was carried before Antipater, who ordered his tongue to be cut off, and afterwards put him to death. Plutarch, Demosthenes.—Diodorus, bk. 17.—Justin, bk. 11, &c.
Lămiæ, small islands in the Ægean, opposite Troas. Pliny, bk. 5, ch. 31.——A celebrated family at Rome, descended from Lamus.——Certain monsters of Africa, who had the face and breast of a woman, and the rest of their body like that of a serpent. They allured strangers to come to them, that they might devour them; and though they were not endowed with the faculty of speech, yet their hissings were pleasing and agreeable. Some believed them to be witches, or rather evil spirits, who, under the form of a beautiful woman, enticed young children and devoured them. According to some, the fable of the Lamiæ is derived from the amours of Jupiter with a certain beautiful woman called Lamia, whom the jealousy of Juno rendered deformed, and whose children she destroyed; upon which Lamia became insane, and so desperate that she ate up all the children that came in her way. They are also called Lemures. See: [Lemures]. Philostratus, Life of Apollonius.—Horace, Art of Poetry, li. 340.—Plutarch, de Curiositate.—Dion.
Lămias Ælius, a governor of Syria under Tiberius. He was honoured with a public funeral by the senate; and as having been a respectable and useful citizen, Horace has dedicated his ode 26, bk. 1, to his praises, as also bk. 3, ode 17.—Tacitus, Annals, bk. 6, ch. 27.——Another during the reign of Domitian, put to death, &c.
Lamīrus, a son of Hercules by Iole.
Lampĕdo, a woman of Lacedæmon, who was daughter, wife, sister, and mother of a king. She lived in the age of Alcibiades. Agrippina the mother of Claudius could boast the same honours. Tacitus, Annals, bk. 12, chs. 22 & 37.—Plutarch, Agesilaus.—Plato, bk. 1, Alcibiades.—Pliny, bk. 7, ch. 41.