[25] Unfortunately I can find no authority for the amusing report that the annual export of "wine" from Paris is greater than the annual import.
[26] That is, of course, of the modern or democratic state. Democracy and education are interdependent.
[27] As a matter of fact, no serious attempt to protect children was made before the Factory and Workshops Act of 1878.
[28] Since the war there have been the most determined attempts to destroy all the social legislation so painfully acquired. See G. D. H. Cole, Labour in War Time, pp. 254-274.
[29] Republic; 432 A. αρμονἱα τινι ἡ σωφροσἡνη ωμοἱωται, κ.τ.λ.
[30] See The Future in America, and New Worlds for Old, passim.
[31] This seems to apply to all belligerent states. Certainly very little sanity finds its way into Germany except through the pages of Vorwaerts. It is therefore humiliating to be told that Vorwaerts has a much larger circulation than any socialist paper in England.
[32] See, for instance, my article "A Footnote to the Balkan War," published in the Asiatic Review for July 1, 1914. This opinion is there expressed in the following words which I still think substantially true, though one or two phrases are rhetorically exaggerated.
"England and the rest of Western Europe have outgrown by about three hundred years the time in the development of nations when fighting is natural and even necessary. England, of course, continues to contemplate war, and to be bluffed by the threat of war in the circumlocutions of diplomacy. But her national welfare no longer requires war; and, if she ever undertakes it, it will be at the bidding of merchants and usurers, who do not represent even the baser instincts of the specifically national spirit, but are wholly foreign and parasitic. On that occasion the Daily Mail and the Foreign Office will no doubt assure the British people that the war in question involves the whole honour and welfare of the State; and the people will believe it. But it will not be true. For England is happily not, or not yet, a nation of shopkeepers; and it will be only the shopkeepers whose welfare is concerned."
[33] Moreover, as I hope to suggest later, even these losses to a few individual industries do not necessarily imply losses to the capital involved, which in some cases has been diverted or adapted to other industries more appropriate to the times. For a review of Trade profits in 1916 see the Manchester Guardian, January 1, 1917.