MARKS INFERRED FROM LOCAL NAMES IN ENGLAND.

Æbingas. Abinger, Surr.; Abinghall, Glouc.; Abington, Camb.
Æblingas. Ablington, Glouc.; Ablington, Wilts.
Æcingas. Oakington, Camb.
Æceringas. Accrington, Lanc.; Eakring, Notts.
Æclingas. Acklington, Nthld.
Aldingas. Aldingbourn, Sussx.; Aldingham, Lanc.; Aldington, Kent and Worc.
Aldringas. Aldringham, Suff.; Aldrington, Sussx.
Ælcingas. Alkington, Glouc. and Salop.
Ælcringas. Alkrington, Lanc.
Ælingas. Allington, Devon, Dors., Hants, Kent, Linc., Wilts.
Ælmingas. Almington, Staff. and Warw.
Ælmodíngas. Almodington, Sussx.
Ælfingas. Alphington, Devon; Alvington, Glouc., Somers. and Devon; Alvingham, Linc.
Ælpingas. Alpington, Norf.
Ælwingas. Alwington, Devon.
Angmeringas. Angmering, Sussx.
Antingas. Antingham, Norf.
Ardingas. Ardingly, Sussx.; Ardington, Berks.
Arlingas. Arlingham, Glouc.; Arlington, Devon, Glouc. and Sussx.
Armingas. Armingford, Camb.; Arminghall, Norf.
Arringas. Arrington, Camb.
Arðingas. Arthington, York.; Arthingworth, Nhamp.
Artingas. Artington, Sussx.
Æscingas. Ashingdon, Essex; Ashington, Sussx., Somers. and Nthld.; Ashendon, Bucks.
Æsclingas. Ashling, Sussx.
Æðeringas. Athrington, Devon and Sussx.
Ætingas. Attington, Oxf.
Æfingas. Avington, Berks. and Hants.
Bæbingas. Babbingley, Norf.; Babington, Somers.
Bædingas. Baddington, Chesh.; Badingham, Suff.
Bæcgingas. Badgington, Glouc.; Baginton, Warw.
Bædlingas. Badlingham, Camb.
Balcingas. Balking, Essex.
Bælingas. Ballingdon, Essex; Ballingham, Heref.
Baningas. Banningham, Norf.
Beorcingas. Barking, Essex, Suff. and Mddx.
Beorlingas. Barling, Essex; Barlings, Linc.
Beormingas. Barming, Kent; Birmingham, Warw.
Beorningas. Barningham, Suff., York. and Norf.
Beorringas. Barrington, Camb., Somers., Berks., Glouc.
Beortingas. Bartington, Chesh.
Basingas. Basing, Hants; Basingstoke, ibid.
Bassingas. Bassingbourn, Camb.; Bassingfield, Notts; Bassingham, Linc.; Bassingthorpe, Linc.; Bassington, Nthld.
Bafingas. Bavington, Nthld.
Bealingas. Bealings, Suff.
Bebingas. Bebington, Chesh.
Beceringas. Beckering, Linc.
Beccingas. Beckingham, Essex, Linc., Notts; Beckington, Somers.
Beadingas. Beddingham, Sussx.; Beddington, Surr.; Bedingfield, Suff.; Bedingham, Norf.
Bædlingas. Bedlington, Drhm.
Bécingas. Beeching Stoke, Wilts.
Bédingas. Beeding, Sussx.
Bellingas. Bellingdon, Bucks; Bellinger, Hants; Bellingham, Nthld.
Beltingas. Belting, Kent.
Benningas. Benningbrough, York.; Benningholme, York.; Bennington, Herts, Linc.; Benningworth, Linc.
Bensingas. Bensington, Oxf.
Berringas. Berrington, Drhm., Glouc., Salop, Worc.
Bessingas. Bessingby, York.; Bessingham, Norf.
Beofingas. Bevington, Warw.
Biccingas. Bickington, Devon.
Billingas. Billing, Nhamp.; Billinge, Lanc.; Billingford, Norf.; Billingham, Drhm.; Billinghay, Linc.; Billingley, York.; Billingsgate, Mddx.; Billingshurst, Sussx.; Billingside, Drhm.; Billingsley, Salop; Billington, Bedf., Staff., Lanc.
Bilsingas. Bilsington, Kent.
Bingas. Bing, Suff.; Bingfield, Nthld.; Bingham, Nhamp., Somers.; Bingley, York.
Binningas. Binnington, York.
Bircingas. Birchington, Kent.
Bridingas. Birdingbury, Warw.
Birlingas. Birling, Kent, Nthld.; Birlingham, Worc.
Biteringas. Bittering, Norf.
Blæcingas. Blatchington, Sussx.; Blatchinworth, Lanc.
Blædingas. Bleddington, Glouc.
Bleccingas. Bletchingley, Surr.; Bletchington, Oxf.
Bliclingas. Blickling, Norf.
Bobbingas. Bobbing, Kent; Bobbington, Salop, Staff.; Bobbingworth, Essex; Bobinger, Essex.
Bocingas, Bocking, Essex, Suff.
Boddingas. Boddington, Glouc., Nhamp.
Bolingas. Bolingbroke, Linc.
Bollingas. Bollington, Chesh.
Bondingas. Bondington, Somers.
Bonningas. Bonnington, Kent and Notts.; Boningale, Salop; Boninghall, Salop.
Bosingas. Bossingham, Kent; Bossington, Hants., Somers.
Bofingas. Bovingdon, Herts.
Bradingas. Brading, Hants.
Brentingas. Brantingham, York.; Brentingley, Leic.
Brahcingas. Braughin, Herts.
Bressingas. Bressingham, Norf.
Bridlingas. Bridlington, York.
Brihtlingas. Brightling, Sussx.; Brightlingsea, Essex.
Brimingas. Brimington, Derby.
Bringas. Brington, Hunt. and Nhamp.; Bringhurst, Leic.
Bríningas. Briningham, Norf.
Brinningas. Brinnington, Chesh.
Brislingas. Brislington, Somers.
Britingas. Brittenton, Oxf.
Bucingas. Buckingham, Bucks.
Budingas. Buddington, Sussx.
Bulcingas. Bulkington, Warw., Wilts.
Bullingas. Bullingdon, Oxf.; Bullingham, Heref.; Bullington, Hants and Linc.
Buntingas. Buntingford, Herts.
Burlingas. Burlingham, Norf.; Burlington, York.
Burmingas. Burmington, Warw.
Burringas. Burringham, Linc.; Burrington, Devon, Heref., Somers.
Buslingas. Buslingthorpe, Linc.
Byttingas. Butting Hill, Sussx.
Cædingas. Caddington, Bedf., Herts; Keddington, Linc. Kedington, Essex, Suff.
Callingas. Callington, Cornw.
Cægingas. Keyingham, York.
Cameringas. Cameringham, Linc.; Cammerton, Cumb.
Canningas. Cannings, Wilts; Cannington, Somers.; Kenninghall, Norf.; Kennington, Berks., Kent, Surr.
Ceardingas}
(? Heardingas)}Cardington, Bedf., Salop; Cardinham, Cornw.
Cearlingas. Carlingcot, Somers.; Carlinghow, York.
Cerringas. Carrington, Chesh., Linc., Notts; Charing, Kent; Cherrington, Salop, Wilts.
Cersington. Carsington, Derby.
Cæssingas. Cassington, Oxf.
Ceadlingas. Chaddlington, Oxf.
Cealfingas. Chalvington, Sussx.; Kilvington, York.
Ceandlingas. Chandlings, Berks.
Ceadingas. Cheddington, Bucks, Dors.
Cyllingas. Chellington, Bedf.; Chillingford, Staff.; Chillingham, Nthld.; Chillington, Devon, Somers.; Kelling, Norf.; Kellingley, York.; Kellington, York.
Ceassingas. Chessington, Surr.; Kessingland, Suff.
Cifingas. Chevington, Suff., Nthld.
Cyrclingas. Kirklington, Notts., York.
Cidingas. Chiddingfold, Surr.; Chiddingly, Sussx.; Chiddingstone, Kent, Kiddington, Oxf.
Cirmingas. Kirmington, Linc.
Ciltingas. Chiltington, Sussx.
Cemesingas. Kemsing, Kent.
Cypingas. Chipping, Herts, Lanc., Glouc., Berks., Oxf., Essex, Nhamp., Bucks.
Cenesingas. Kensington, Mddx.
Ceopingas. Choppington, Drhm.
Cetringas. Kettering, Nhamp.; Ketteringham, Norf.
Clæfringas. Clavering, Essex, Norf.
Cyrtlingas. Kirtling, Camb.; Kirtlington, Oxf.
Climpingas. Climping, Sussx.
Cýslingas. Kislingbury, Nhamp.
Coceringas. Cockerington, Linc.
Cnudlingas. Knedlington, York.
Cocingas. Cocking, Sussx.; Cockington, Devon.
Codingas. Coddington, Chesh., Heref., Notts; Coddenham, Suff.
Codringas. Codrington, Glouc.
Collingas. Collingbourne, Wilts; Collingham, Notts, York.; Collington, Heref.; Collingtree, Nhamp.
Cnossingas. Knossington, Leic.
Cnottingas. Knotting, Bedf.; Knottingley, York.
Culingas. Cooling, Kent; Cowling, Suff., York.
Copingas. Copping-Syke, Linc.; Coppingford, Hunt.
Coringas. Corringham, Essex, Linc.
Cosingas. Cossington, Leic., Somers.
Cotingas. Cottingham, Nhamp., York.; Cottingley, York.; Cottingwith, York.
Cofingas. Covington, Hunt.
Cramlingas. Cramlington, Nthld.
Creótingas. Creeting, Suff.
Cressingas. Cressing, Essex; Cressingham, Norf.
Cridlingas. Cridling-Stubbs, York.
Crucgingas. Crudgington, Salop.
Cubingas. Cubbington, Warw.
Cublingas. Cublington, Bucks.
Cwædringas. Quadring, Linc.
Cycelingas. Cucklington, Somers.
Cwæringas. Quarrington, Drhm., Linc.
Cydingas. Cuddington, Bucks, Chesh., Surr.
Cydlingas. Kidlington, Oxf.
Cullingas. Cullingworth, York.
Cweningas. Quenington, Glouc.
Culmingas. Culmington, Salop; Kilmington, Devon, Somers.
Cylingas. Killingbeck, York.; Killinghall, York.; Killingholm, Linc.; Killingworth, Nthld.
Dædlingas. Dadlington, Leic.
Dæglingas. Daglingworth, Glouc.
Dællingas. Dalling, Norf.; Dallinghoo, Suff.; Dallington, Nhamp., Sussx.
Deorlingas. Darlingscott, Worc.; Darlington, Drhm.
Deorringas. Darrington, York.
Dartingas. Dartington, Devon.
Dæfingas. Davington, Kent.
Deoplingas. Debtling, Kent.
Deddingas. Deddington, Oxf.
Denningas. Dennington, Suff.
Deorsingas. Dersingham, Norf.; Dorsington, Glouc., Warw.
Dicringas. Dickering, York.
Diddingas. Diddington, Hunt.
Didlingas. Didling, Sussx.; Didlington, Dors., Norf.
Dillingas. Dillington, Norf.
Dimlingas. Dimlington, York.
Dinningas. Dinnington, Nthld., Somers., York.
Dintingas. Dinting, Derby.
Dissingas. Dissington, Nthld.
Distingas. Distington, Cumb.
Dicelingas. Ditchling, Sussx.
Docingas. Docking, Norf.
Dodingas. Doddinghurst, Essex; Doddington, Camb., Chesh., Kent, Linc., Nthld., Nhamp.; Doddingtree, Worc.; Dodington, Glouc., Salop, Somers.
Doningas. Donington, Linc., Leic., Salop; Donnington, Berks., Glouc., Heref., Leic., Salop, Sussx.
Deorcingas. Dorking, Surr.
Dormingas. Dormington, Heref.
Dorringas. Dorrington, Linc., Salop.
Drihlingas. Drighlington, York.
Dycingas. Duckington, Chesh.; Dykings, Linc.
Dyclingas. Ducklington, Oxf.
Dylingas. Dullingham, Camb.
Dyningas. Dunningley, York.; Dunnington, Warw., York.; Dunningwith, Suff.
Dyringas. Durrington, Sussx., Wilts.
Ealingas. Ealing, Mddx.; Eling, Hants.
Eardingas. Eardington, Salop; Erdington, Warw.
Esingas. Eashing, Surr.; Easington, Bucks, Drhm., Glouc.,
Nthld., Oxf., York.; Easingwold, York.
Eastingas. Eastington, Dors., Glouc., Worc.
Eastlingas. Eastling, Kent.
Eastringas. Eastrington, York.
Eberingas. Ebrington, Glouc.
Ecgingas. Eckington, Derby., Worc.; Eggington, Bedf.; Etchingham, Sussx.
Edingas. Edingale, Staff.; Edingley, Notts.; Edingthorpe, Norf.; Edington, Berks., Nthld., Somers., Wilts.; Edingworth, Somers.
Eadlingas. Edlingham, Nthld.; Edlington, Linc., York.
Eafingas. Effingham, Surr.
Ecglingas. Eglingham, Nthld.
Elcingas. Elkington, Nhamp., Linc.
Elringas. Ellerington, Nthld.
Ellingas. Ellingham, Hants, Norf., Nthld.; Ellingstring,
York.; Ellington, Hunt., Kent, Nthld., York.
Elmingas. Elmington, Nhamp.
Elsingas. Elsing, Norf.
Eltringas. Eltringham, Nthld.
Elfingas. Elvington, York.
Empingas. Empingham, Rutl.
Eppingas. Epping, Essex.
Earmingas. Ermington, Devon.
Eorpingas. Erpingham, Norf.
Eorringas. Erringden, York.
Essingas. Essington, Staff.
Ettingas. Ettinghall, Staff.
Eoferingas. Everingham, York.
Efingas. Evingar, Hants; Evington, Glouc., Leic.
Escningas. Exning, Suff.
Fealcingas. Falkingham, Linc.; Felkington, Drhm.
Fealdingas. Faldingworth, Linc.; Fawdington, York.
Fearingas. Faringdon, Devon; Farringdon, Dors., Hants, Berks., Somers.; Farrington, Lanc., Somers.
Feorlingas. Farlington, Hants, York.
Feormingas. Farmington, Glouc.
Fearningas. Farningham, Kent.
Felmingas. Felmingham, Norf.
Ferringas. Ferring, Sussx.
Fiddingas. Fiddington, Glouc., Somers., Wilts.
Fillingas. Fillingham, Linc.
Fincingas. Finchingfield, Essex.
Fingringas. Fingringhoe, Essex.
Finningas. Finningham, Suff.; Finningley, Notts, York.; Vennington, Salop.
Fitlingas. Fitting, York.
Fleccingas. Fletching, Sussx.
Fobingas. Fobbing, Essex.
Folcingas. Folkingham, Linc.; Folkington, Sussx.
Fordingas. Fordingbridge, Hants; Fordington, Dors., Linc.
Foðeringas. Fotheringay, Nhamp.
Framingas. Framingham, Norf.; Fremington, Devon, York.
Framlingas. Framlingham, Suff.; Framlington, Nthld.
Frescingas. Fressingfield, Suff.
Fringas. Fring, Norf.; Fringford, Oxf.
Frodingas. Frodingham, Linc., York.
Funtingas. Funtington, Sussx.
Fylingas. Fylingdales, York.; Fylingthorpe, York.
Gægingas. Gagingwell, Oxf.; Ginge, Berks.
Galmingas. Galmington, Somers.
Gamelingas. Gamlingay, Camb.; Gembling, York.
Gárlingas. Garlinge, Kent.
Gærsingas. Garsington, Oxf.; Grassington, York.; Gressingham, Lanc.; Gressenhall, Norf.
Gealdingas. Yalding, Kent; Yielding, Bedf.
Geddingas. Gedding, Suff.; Geddington, Nhamp.; Yeading, Mddx.; Yeddingham, York.
Gearlingas. Yarlington, Somers.
Gædlingas. Gedling, Notts.
Gearingas. Yarrington, Oxf.
Gestingas. Gestingthorpe, Essex.
Geofoningas. Yeavening, Nthld.
Giddingas. Gidding, Hunt.
Geátingas. Yettington, Devon.
Gildingas. Gildingwells, York.
Gillingas. Gilling, York.; Gillingham, Dors., Kent, Norf.; Yelling, Hunt.
Gimingas. Gimingham, Norf.; Gimmingbrook, Kent.
Gipingas. Gipping, Suff.
Gislingas. Gislingham, Suff.
Gitlingas. Yetlington, Nthld.
Glæstingas. Glastonbury, Somers.
Glæferingas. Glevering, Suff.
Goddingas. Goddington, Oxf.
Goldingas. Golding Stoke, Leic.; Goldings, Surr.; Goldington, Bedf., Bucks.
Gáringas. Goring, Oxf., Suff.
Goðringas. Gotherington, Glouc.
Grǽgingas. Grayingham, Linc.
Gystlingas. Guestling, Sussx.
Gytingas. Guyting, Glouc.
Hæcingas. Hackington, Kent.
Hædingas. Haddington, Linc.
Hallingas. Hallingbury, Essex; Hallington, Linc., Nthld.
Haningas. Hanningfield, Essex; Hannington, Hants, Nhamp., Wilts.
Hæpingas. Happing, Norf.
Heardingas. Hardingham, Norf.; Hardington, Somers.; Hardingstone, Nhamp.; Harden, York.; Hardendale, Wmld.; Hardenhuish, Wilts.
Herelingas. Harling, Norf.; Harlington, Bedf., Mddx., York.
Hearingas. Harrington, Cumb., Linc., Nhamp.; Harringworth, Nhamp.
Heortingas. Harting, Sussx.; Hartington, Derby., Nthld.; Hertingfordbury, Herts.
Heortlingas. Hartlington, York.
Heorfingas. Harvington, Worc.
Hæslingas. Haslingden, Lanc.; Haslingfield, Camb.; Haslington, Chesh.; Heslington, York.
Hæsssingas. Hassingham, Norf.
Hæstingas. Hastings, Sussx., Berks., Warw., Nhamp.; Hastingleyt, Kent; Hastingwood, Essex.
Hæferingas. Havering, Essex; Haveringham, Suff.; Haveringland, Norf.
Hafocingas. Hawkinge, Kent.
Hæglingas. Hawling, Glouc.; Hayling, Hants.
Heáfodingas. Headingley, York; Headington, Oxf.; Heddington, Wilts; Hedingham, Essex.
Healingas. Healing, Linc.
Hæcingas. Heckingham, Norf.; Heckington, Linc.; Heighington, Drhm., Linc.
Hellingas. Hellinghill, Nthld.; Hellingly, Sussx.
Helmingas. Helmingham, Suff.; Helmington, Drhm.
Helpringas. Helprington, Linc.
Helsingas. Helsington, Wmld.
Hemlingas. Hemblington, Norf.; Hemlingford, Warw.; Hemlington, York., Drhm.
Hemingas. Hemingbrough, York.; Heminghy, Linc.; Hemingfield, York.; Hemingford, Hunt.; Hemingstone, Suff.; Hemington, Nhamp., Somers.
Hanesingas. Hensingham, Cumb.; Hensington, Oxf.
Heorringas. Herring, Dors.; Herringby, Norf.; Herringfleet, Suff.; Herringstone, Dors.; Herringswell, Suff.; Herringthorpe, York.; Herrington, Drhm.
Heofingas. Hevingham, Norf.
Hicelingas. Hickling, Norf., Notts.
Hillingas. Hillingdon, Mddx.; Hillington, Norf.
Hindringas. Hindringham, Norf.
Hócringas. Hockering, Norf.
Hodingas. Hoddington, Hants.
Holdingas. Holdingham, Linc.
Holingas. Hollingbourn, Kent; Hollingdon, Bucks; Hollinghill, Nthld.; Hollington, Derb., Staff., Sussx.; Hollingworth, Chesh.
Homingas. Homington, Wilts.
Honingas. Honing, Norf.; Honingham, Norf.; Honington, Linc., Suff., Warw.
Horblingas. Horbling, Linc.
Horningas. Horning, Norf.; Horninghold, Leic.; Horninglow, Staff.; Horningsea, Camb.; Horningsham, Wilts; Horningsheath, Suff.; Horningtoft, Norf.
Horingas. Horrington, Somers.
Horsingas. Horsington, Linc., Somers.
Hoferingas. Hoveringham, Notts.
Hofingas. Hovingham, York.
Hucingas, or
Hocingas.
}Hucking, Kent.
Hudingas. Huddington, Worc.
Huningas, or
Hundingas.
}Hunningham, Warw.; Hunnington, Salop.
Hunsingas. Hunsingore, York.
Hyrstingas. Hurstingstone, Hunt.
Icelingas. Icklingham, Suff.
Illingas. Illington, Norf.; Illingworth, York.
Ilmingas. Ilmimgton, Glouc., Warw.
Ilsingas. Ilsington, Devon., Dors.
Immingas. Immingham, Linc.
Impingas. Impington, Camb.
Ipingas. Iping, Sussx.
Irmingas. Irmingland, Norf.
Irðingas. Irthington, Cumb.
Irðlingas. Irthlingborough, Nhamp.
Islingas. Islington, Norf., Mddx.
Issingas. Issington, Hants.
Iccingas. Itchingswell, Hants; Itchington, Glouc., Warw.
Iteringas. Itteringham, Norf.
Ifingas. Ivinghoe, Bucks; Ivington, Heref.; Jevington, Sussx.
Læcingas. Lackington, Somers.; Latchingdon, Essex.
Larlingas. Larling, Norf.
Leortingas. Lartington, York.
Leamingas. Leamington, Warw.; Leeming, York.; Lemington, Glouc., Nthld.
Leasingas. Leasingham, Linc.; Lissington, Linc.
Leafeningas. Leavening, York.
Leafingas. Leavington, York.; Levington, Suff.
Læpingas. Leppington, York.
Leðringas. Letheringham, Suff.; Letheringsett, Norf.
Læferingas. Leverington, Camb.
Lexingas. Lexington, Notts.
Lidingas. Liddington, Rutl., Wilts.
Lidlingas. Lidlington, Bedf.
Lidesingas. Lidsing, Kent.
Lillingas. Lillings, York.; Lillingstone, Bucks; Lillington, Dors., Oxf., Warw.
Limingas. Limington, Somers.; Lyminge, Kent; Lymington, Hants.
Lingas. Lings, York.; Lingbob, York.; Lingen, Heref.; Lingfield, Surr.; Lingham, Chesh.; Lingwell Gate, York.; Lingwood, Norf.; Lyng, Norf.
Lytlingas. Littlington, Camb., Sussx.
Locingas. Locking, Somers.; Lockinge, Berks.; Lockington, Leic., York.
Lodingas. Loddington, Kent, Leic., Nhamp.
Loningas. Loningborough, Kent.
Lopingas. Loppington, Salop.
Lofingas. Lovington, Somers.
Lucingas. Luckington, Somers., Wilts.
Ludingas. Luddington, Linc., Warw., Hunt., Nhamp.
Lullingas. Lullingfield, Salop.; Lullingstane, Kent; Lullingstone, Kent; Lullington, Derb., Somers., Sussx.
Mædingas. Maddington, Wilts; Madingley, Camb.
Mallingas. Malling, Kent, Sussx.
Manningas. Manningford, Wilts; Manningham, York.; Mannington, Dors., Norf.; Manningtree, Essex; Monnington, Heref.
Myrcingas. Marckington, Staff.; Markington, York.; Markingfield, York.
Mærlingas. Marlingford, Norf.
Mæringas, or
Myrgings?
}Marrington, Salop.; Mering, Notts.; Merrington, Drhm., Salop.
Mæssingas. Massingham, Norf.; Messing, Essex; Messingham, Linc.
Mæccingas. Matching, Essex.
Mætingas. Mattingley, Hants; Mettingham, Suff.
Mægdlingas. Maudling, Sussx.
Mécingas. Meeching, Sussx.
Mellingas. Melling, Lanc.
Meðringas. Metheringham, Linc.
Millingas. Millington, Chesh., York.
Mintingas. Minting, Linc.
Mollingas. Mollington, Chesh., Oxf., Warw.
Mottingas. Mottingham, Kent.
Mycgingas. Mucking, Essex.
Næcingas[[831]]. Nackington, Kent; Nedging Suff.
Næssingas. Nassington, Nhamp.; Nazeing, Essex.
Nydingas. Needingworth, Hunt.
Níwingas. Newington, Kent, Notts, Oxf., York., Glouc., Surr., Mddx.
Norðingas. Northington, Hants.
Nottingas[[832]]. Notting, Bedf.; Nottington, Dors.; Nottingham, Notts, Berks.
Oddingas. Oddingley, Worc.; Oddington, Glouc., Oxf.
Oldingas. Oldington, Salop.
Orlingas. Orlingbury, Nhamp.
Orpedingas. Orpington, Kent.
Osmingas. Osmington, Dors.
Ossingas. Ossington, Notts.
Oteringas. Otterington, York.; Ottringham, York.
Ofingas. Oving, Bucks, Sussx.; Ovingdean, Sussx.; Ovingham, York., Nthld.; Ovington, Essex, Hants, Norf., Nthld., York.
Pæccingas. Packington, Derb., Leic., Staff., Warw.; Patching, Sussx.
Pædingas. Paddington, Mddx. (? Padan tún.)
Pællingas. Palling, Norf.; Pallingham, Sussx.; Pallington, Dors.
Pæmingas. Pamington, Glouc.
Peartingas[Peartingas]. Partington, Chesh.
Pætringas. Patrington, York.
Pætingas. Pattingham, Salop, Staff.
Pæfingas. Pavingham, Bedf.; Pevington, Kent.
Petlingas. Peatling, Leic.
Pædlingas. Pedling, Kent.
Penningas. Pennington, Hants, Lanc.
Piceringas. Pickering, York.
Pidingas. Piddinghoe, Sussx.; Piddington, Nhamp., Oxf.
Pilcingas. Pilkington, Lanc.
Pillingas. Pilling, Lanc.
Pitingas. Pittington, Drhm.
Poclingas. Pocklington, York.
Podingas. Poddington, Bedf.; Podington, Dors.
Puntingas. Pointington, Somers.
Polingas. Poling, Sussx.; Pollington, York.
Poringas. Poringland, Norf.
Porcingas. Porkington, Salop.
Portingas. Portington, York.
Postlingas. Postling, Kent.
Potingas. Poting, York.
Pucingas. Puckington, Somers.
Púningas. Poynings, Sussx.
Pydingas. Puddington, Bedf., Chesh., Devon.
Rædingas. Raddington, Somers.; Reading, Berks; Reading-street, Kent.
Rætlingas. Ratlinghope, Salop.
Ræfningas[[833]]. Raveningham, Norf.
Rædlingas[[833]]. Redlingfield, Suff.
Renningas. Rennington, Nthld.
Ricingas. Rickinghall, Suff.
Riclingas[[833]]. Rickling, Essex.
Ridingas. Riddinge, Derb.; Riding, Nthld.
Ridlingas. Ridlington, Norf., Rutl.
Rillingas. Rillington, York.
Rimmingas. Rimmington, York.
Riplingas[[833]]. Riplingham, York.; Riplington, Hants, Nthld.
Ripingas[[833]]. Rippingale, Linc.
Risingas[[833]]. Rising, Norf.; Rissington, Glouc.
Rifingas. Rivington, Lanc.
Rocingas[[833]]. Rockingham, Nhamp.
Rodingas. Roddington, Salop.; Roding, Essex.
Rollingas. Rollington, Dors.
Roringas. Rorrington, Salop.
Rossingas. Rossington, York.
Rotingas. Rottingdean, Sussx.; Rottington, Cumb.
Rowingas[[834]]. Rowington, Warw.
Rucingas[[834]]. Ruckinge, Kent.
Rudingas[[834]]. Ruddington, Notts.
Runingas. Runnington, Somers.
Ruscingas[[834]]. Ruskington, Linc.
Rustingas. Rustington, Sussx.
Sædingas. Saddington, Leic.
Sælingas. Saling, Essex.
Sealfingas. Salvington, Sussx.
Sandingas. Sandringham, Norf.
Seaxlingas. Saxlingham, Norf.
Scealingas. Scaling-dam, York.
Scearningas. Scarning, Norf.
Scearingas, or
Seringas.
{Scarrington, Notts; Sharrington, Norf.; Sheering Essex; Sheringford, Norf.; Sherringham, Norf.; Sherrington, Bucks, Wilts.
Scearðingas. Scarthingwell, York.
Scrǽgingas. Scrayingham, York.
Screadingas. Scredington, Linc.
Seafingas. Seavington, Somers.
Secgingas. Seckington, Warw.
Seáðingas. Seething, Norf.
Syllingas. Selling, Kent; Sellinge, Kent.
Seámingas. Semington, Wilts.
Sempringas. Sempringham, Linc.
Setringas. Settrington, York.
Syfingas. Sevington, Kent.
Sceabingas. Shabbington, Bucks.
Sceadingas. Shadingfield, Suff.
Sceáfingas. Shavington, Chesh.; Shevington, Lanc.; Skeffington, Leic.
Sceaningas. Shenington, Glouc.
Scyllingas. Shilling-Okeford, Dors.; Shillingford, Berks., Oxf., Devon; Shillingstone, Dors.; Shillingthorpe, Linc.; Shillington, Bedf.; Skellingthorpe, Linc.; Skillington, Linc.
Scylfingas. Shilvington, Dors., Nthld.
Scymplingas. Shimpling, Norf., Suff.
Scytlingas. Shitlington, Bedf., Nthld., York.
Scolingas. Sholing, Hants.
Scyrdingas. Shurdington, Glouc.
Scytingas. Shuttington, Warw.
Scylingas. Sicklinghall, York.
Sídingas. Siddington, Glouc.
Silfingas. Silvington, Salop.
Sinningas. Sinnington, York.
Sittingas. Sittingbourne, Kent.
Sceaclingas. Skeckling, York.
Sceaflingas. Skeffling, York.
Scyldingas. Skelding, York.
Scyrlingas. Skirlington, York.
Sleaningas. Sleningford, York.
Snoringas. Snoring, Norf.
Somtingas. Sompting, Sussx.
Sunningas. Sonning, Berks., Oxf.; Sunninghill, Berks.; Sunningwell, Berks.
Súðingas. Southington, Hants.
Spaldingas. Spalding, Linc.; Spaldington, York.
Specingas. Speckington, Somers.
Spyringas. Spirringate, Glouc.
Sprættingas. Spratting-street, Kent.
Sprydlingas. Spridlington, Linc.
Steallingas. Stalling-busk, York.; Stallingborough, Linc.;
Stallington, Staff.
Stǽningas. Stanningfield, Suff.; Stanninghall, Norf..; Stanningley, York.; Stannington, Nthld., York.; Steyning, Sussx.
Steorlingas. Starling, Lanc.
Stebbingas. Stebbing, Essex; Stibbington, Hunt.
Steápingas. Steeping, Linc.; Steppingley, Bedf.
Stellingas. Stelling, Kent, Nthld.; Stillingfleet, York.; Stillington, Drhm., York.
Stefingas. Stevington, Bedf.
Stocingas. Stocking, Herts; Stockingford, Warw.; Stokingham, Devon.
Storningas. Storningley, York.
Storringas. Storrington, Sussx.
Stútingas. Stouting, Kent.
Strellingas. Strellington, Sussx.
Stubingas. Stubbington, Hants.
Sulingas. Sullington, Sussx.
Surlingas. Surlingham, Norf..
Swaningas. Swannington, Leic., Norf..
Sweorlingas. Swarling, Kent (? Sweordhlincas).
Sweðelingas. Swathling, Hants.
Swefelingas. Sweffling, Suff.
Swillingas. Swillington, York.
Sydlingas. Sydling, Dors.
Tædingas. Taddington, Glouc., Derby.; Teddington, Mddx., Worc.; Tiddington, Oxf., Warw.
Tælingas. Tallington, Linc.
Tæningas. Tannington, Suff.
Teorringas. Tarring, Sussx.; Tarrington, Heref.; Terrington, Norf., York.; Torrington, Devon., Linc.
Tætingas. Tattingstone, Suff.
Tendringas. Tendring, Essex.
Teorlingas. Terling, Essex.
Ðegningas. Thanington, Kent.
Ðeódingas. Thedingworth, Leic., Nhamp.
Ðocingas. Thockington, Nthld.
Ðoringas, or
Ðyringas.
}Thorington, Suff.; Thorrington, Essex.
Ðorningas. Thornington, Nthld.
Ðrecgingas. Threckingham, Linc.
Ðredlingas. Thredling, Suff.
Ðristlingas. Trislington, Drhm.
Ðryscingas. Thrussington, Leic.
Ðurningas. Thurning, Hunt., Norf., Nhamp.
Ðwingas. Thwing, York.
Tibbingas. Tibbington, Staff.
Tidmingas. Tidmington, Worc.
Tilingas. Tillingham, Essex; Tillington, Heref., Staff., Sussx.
Tissingas. Tissington, Derby.
Titlingas. Titlington, Nthld.
Teofingas. Tivington, Somers.
Tocingas. Tockington, Glouc.
Todingas. Toddington, Bedf., Glouc.
Toltingas. Toltingtrough, Kent.
Tótingas. Tooting, Surr.; Tottington, Lanc., Norf.
Torcingas. Torkington, Chesh.
Tortingas. Tortington, Sussx.
Trimingas. Trimingham, Norf.
Tringas. Tring, Herts.
Tritlingas. Tritlington, Nthld.
Trumpingas. Trumpington, Camb.
Tucingas. Tucking Mills, Somers.; Tuckington, Hants.
Tuscingas. Tushingham, Chesh.
Tuttingas. Tuttington, Norf.
Twiningas. Twining, Glouc.
Twicgingas. Twitching, Devon.
Tyrringas. Tyrringham, Bucks.
Tyðeringas. Tytherington, Chesh., Glouc., Wilts.
Ucingas. Uckington, Glouc., Salop.
Uffingas. Uffington, Berks, Linc., Salop.
Ulingas. Ullingswick, Heref.
Ultingas. Ulting, Essex.
Upingas. Uppingham, Rutl.; Uppington, Salop.
Wadingas. Waddingham, Linc.; Waddington, Linc., York.;
Waddingworth, Linc.; Weddington, Warw.
Wæceringas. Wakering, Essex.
Wealdingas. Waldingfield, Suff.; Woldingham, Surr.
Wealdringas. Waldringfield, Suff.
Wealcringas. Walkeringham, Notts.
Wealcingas. Walkingham, York.; Walkington, York.
Wealingas. Wallingfen, York.; Wallingford, Berks; Wallington, Hants, Herts, Norf., Surr., Nthld.; Wallingwells, Notts?; Wellingboro', Nhamp.; Wellingham, Norf.; Wellingley, York.; Wellingore, Linc.
Wælsingas. Walsingham, Norf.; Wolsingham, Drhm.; Woolsington, Nthld.
Wæplingas[[835]]. Waplington, York.
Wæppingas[[835]]. Wapping, Mddx.
Wearblingas[[835]]. Warblington, Hants.
Weardingas. Wardington, Oxf.
Wearlingas. Warlingham, Sussx.
Wearmingas. Warmingham, Chesh.; Warminghurst, Sussx.; Warmington, Nhamp., Warw.
Wearningas. Warningcamp, Sussx.
Wæringas. Warrington, Bucks, Lanc.; Werrington, Devon., Nhamp.
Weartingas. Warthing, Sussx.
Wæsingas. Washingborough, Linc.; Washingley, Hunt.; Washington, Derby., Durh., Sussx.; Wasing, Berks; Wessington, Derby.
Wætringas. Wateringbury, Kent.
Wætlingas. Watlington, Norf., Oxf.
Weotingas. Weeting, Norf.
Weolingas. Wellington, Heref., Salop., Somers., Wilts.
Wendlingas. Wendling, Norf.
Weningas. Wennington, Essex, Hunt., Lanc.
Weðeringas. Wittering, Sussx.; Wetheringsett, Suff.; Witherington,
Wilts.
Westingas. Westington, Glouc.
Westoningas. Westoning, Bedf.
Wætlingas[[836]]. Whatlington, Sussx.
Welpingas[[836]]. Whelpington, Nthld.
Werringas[[836]]. Wherrington, Staff.
Wippingas[[836]]. Whippingham, Hants.
Witlingas[[836]]. Whitlingham, Norf.
Witeringas[[836]]. Whittering, Nhamp.
Wittingas[[836]]. Whittingham, Lanc., Nthld.; Whittington, Derb.,
Glouc., Lanc., Norf., Salop., Staff., Warw.,
Worc., Nthld.
Widingas. Widdington, Essex, Nthld., York.
Willingas. Willingale, Essex; Willingdon, Sussx.; Willingham,
Camb., Linc., Suff.; Willington, Bedf.,
Chesh., Derb., Drhm., Nthld., Warw.
Wylmingas. Wilmington, Kent, Salop., Somers., Sussx.
Winingas. Winnington, Chesh., Staff.
Wintringas. Winteringham, Linc., York.
Wiscingas. Wissington, Salop., Suff.
Wiccingas. Witchingham, Norf.
Wiclingas. Witchling, Kent; Wychling, Kent.
Wiðingas. Withington, Glouc., Heref., Lanc., Salop., Staff.,
Chesh.
Wocingas. Woking, Surr.; Wokingham, Berks, Wilts.
Weorcingas. Workington, Cumb.
Wyrlingas. Worlingham, Suff.; Worlington, Suff., Devon.;
Worlingworth, Suff.
Wyrmingas. Wormingford, Essex; Worminghall, Bucks; Wormington,
Glouc.
Weorðingas. Worthing, Norf., Sussx.; Worthington, Lanc.,
Leic.
Wramplingas. Wramplingham, Norf.
Wrættingas. Wratting, Camb., Suff.
Wræningas. Wreningham, Norf.
Wrestlingas. Wrestlingworth, Bedf.
Wrihtingas. Wrightington, Lanc.
Wrihtlingas. Writhlington, Somers.
Weomeringas. Wymering, Hants.
Wymingas. Wymington, Bedf.

The total number of the names thus assumed from local denominations amounts to 627, but as several occur once only, while others are found repeated in various counties, I find the whole number reaches to 1329, which are distributed through the counties in a very striking manner, as the following table will show.

Bedford22
Berks.22
Bucks.17
Cambridge21
Cheshire25
Cornwall2
Cumberland6
Derby.14
Devon.24
Dorset.21
Durham19
Essex48
Gloucester46
Hereford15
Hertford10
Huntingdon16
Kent60
Lancashire26
Leicester19
Lincolnsh.76
Middlesex12
Monmouth0
Norfolk97
Northampton35
Northumberland48
Nottingham22
Oxford31
Rutland4
Salop34
Somerset45
Southampton33
Stafford19
Suffolk56
Surrey18
Sussex68
Warwick31
Westmoreland2
Wilts25
Worcester13
York (3 Ridings)127

There are two slight causes of inaccuracy to be borne in mind in using the foregoing tables: the first arises from the insertion of names which probably do not, the other from the omission of names which probably do, belong to this class. But I think these two errors may nearly balance one another, and that they do not interfere with the general correctness of the results.

It is remarkable how many of these names still stand alone, without any addition of -wíc, -hám, -worðig, or similar words. The total number of patronymical names thus found (in the nominative plural) is 190, or very nearly one-seventh of the whole; they are thus distributed: in Kent, 25; Norfolk and Sussex each 24; Essex 21; Suffolk 15; Yorkshire 13; Lincoln 7; Southampton 6; Berks and Surrey, 5 each; Bedfordshire, Lancashire, Middlesex and Northampton, 4 each; Hertford, Huntingdon, Northumberland and Nottingham, 3 each; Cambridge, Derby, Dorset, Gloucester and Oxford, 2 each; Bucks, Devon, Leicester, Salop, Somerset, Warwick, and Wilts, 1 each; and none at all in the remaining ten counties. When now we consider that of 190 such places, 140 are found in the counties on the eastern and southern coasts; and that 22 more are in counties easily accessible through our great navigable streams, we shall be led to admit the possibility of these having been the original seats of the Marks bearing these names; and the further possibility of the settlements distinguished by the addition of -hám, -wíc and so forth to these original names, having been filial settlements, or as it were colonies, from them. It also seems worthy of remark that they are hardly found to the north of the Humber, or about 53° 40´ N. Lat., which renders it probable that the prevailing mode of emigration was to take advantage of a N.E. wind to secure a landing in the Wash, and thence coast southward and westward as far as circumstances required. Sailors, who in the ninth century could find their way from Norway to Iceland in sufficient numbers to colonize that island, who in the tenth could extend their course from Iceland to Greenland, and who had noble spirit enough to confront the perils of the Polar ocean rather than submit to oppression at home, were not likely to find any insurmountable difficulty in a voyage from the Elbe or Skager Rack to England: and the conquest of the Orkneys and Hebrides, of the south of Ireland and Man, nay of large tracts of England by the Scandinavians in the ninth, tenth and following centuries, may supply the means of judging how similar adventures were conducted by populations of the same race, and as noble spirit, nine hundred or a thousand years before.

The following additions may be made to the evidences given in this chapter.

A marked linden or lime-tree is noticed in Cod. Dipl. No. 1317. Again in Kent we hear of earnes beám, the eagle’s tree, ibid. No. 287: it is more probable that this was a tree marked with the figure of an eagle, than that a real bird of that species should have been meant. Further in the boundary of the charter No. 393 we have, on ðán merkeden ók, to the marked oak.

The sacred woods are again mentioned by Tacitus, Annal, i. 59, where he tells us that Arminius hung up the captured Roman ensigns to the gods of the country, in the woods, lucis: we hang them up in cathedrals. See also Tac. Germ, vii., Annal. iv. 22.