| Historic (Shawnee and Delaware) | |
| Late Mississippi (Nodena) | |
| Middle Mississippi (Cairo Lowland) | Lawhorn Mississippian Component |
| Early Mississippi (Malden Plain) | |
| Late Baytown (Black Bayou) | |
| Middle Baytown (Barnes Ridge) | Lawhorn Sand Tempered Component |
| Early Baytown (Hoecake) | |
| Tchula (Burkett and Pascola) | |
| Pre-Ceramic (O’Bryan Ridge) | Dalton |
| Early Hunters (Fluted Points) |
It was not expected that the information contained here is the final answer to the story of the Lawhorn site or more than a start to finding out about the people who lived in the Malden Plain area of the St. Francis valley. It is hoped that this information will be at least a base from which others can work and that it adds enough new information that it will stimulate more people to do similar jobs within this area and surrounding areas.
During the final stages of editing, three radio-carbon dates were received from the University of Michigan Memorial—Phoenix Project Radio Carbon Laboratory, H. R. Crane, Director. As these are of interest with regard to Lawhorn and, no doubt, to persons with commitments in that area, the dates are given below.
M-1156 Lawhorn site General Midden 625±150 Charred log (F. S. 78). General Midden west of drainage ditch. Collected by John Moselage, March, 1957. M-1157 Lawhorn Site House 3 375±150 Charred Pole, possibly oak (F. S. 408) from floor of house 3. Collected March, 1960, by John Moselage. M-1158 Lawhorn Site House 1 750±150 Charred pole, possibly oak (F. S. 518) from floor of House 1. Collected December, 1957, by John Moselage.
APPENDIX A
IDENTIFICATION OF THE FAUNAL REMAINS FROM THE LAWHORN SITE
by
Paul W. Parmalee
Curator of Zoology
Illinois State Museum, Springfield
Bone Mammals White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus 393 Raccoon, Procyon lotor 42 Cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus 15 Canid, probably dog, Canis familiaris 14 Man, Homo sapiens 10 Beaver, Cantor canadensis 10 Mink, Mustela vison 7 Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus 9 Swamp Rabbit, Sylvilagus aquaticus 4 Gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis 5 Opossum, Didelphis marsupialis 3 Bobcat, Lynx rufus 1 Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis 1 Fox Squirrel, Sciurus niger 1 Gray Fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus 1 Marsh Rice Rat, Oryzomys palustris 1 Birds Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo 14 Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos and/or Black Duck Anas rubripes 6 Duck, spp; 5 Prairie Chicken, Tympanuchus cupido (probably) 5 Canada Goose, Branta canadensis (probably) 3 King Rail, Rallus elegans 1 Wood Duck, Aix sponsa 1 Ring-necked Duck, Aythya collaris, or lesser Scaup, Aythya affinis 1 Turtles Box Turtle, Terrapene sp. 50 Turtle, Pseudemys, Chrysesemys, Graptemys group 34 Turtle spp. 14 Pond Terrapin, Pseudemys sp. 24 Soft-shelled Turtle, Trionyx sp. 4 Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina 4 Fishes Bowfin, Amia calva 25 Gar, Lepisosteus sp. 6 Fresh-water Drum, Aplodinotus grunniens 3 Northern Pike, Esox lucius 2 Catfish, Ictalurus sp. 6 Sunfish, Bluegill group, Centrarchidae 2
Unidentifiable large mammal bone fragments, most probably deer 1,126 Unidentifiable bird bone fragments 30 Unidentifiable fish bone fragments 14 Shell Mussels Amblema cf. costata, Three ridge 80 Actinonaias carinata, Mucket 8 Elliptio dilatatus, Spike 4 Plectomerus dombryanum, Bank crawler 4 Lampsilis ventricosa (or l. ovata) Pocketbook 3 Ligumia recta, Black sand shell 2 Pleurobema cordatum, Small Niggerhead 1 Plagiola lineolata, Butterfly 1 Obliquaria reflexa, Three-horned Warty-back 1 Tritogonia verrucosa, Buckhorn 1 Elliptio crassidens, Elephant’s Ear 1 Quadrula quadrula, Maple-leaf 1 Snails Campeloma sp. 2
APPENDIX B
ANALYSIS OF VEGETAL REMAINS FROM LAWHORN SITE
by
Leonard W. Blake
St. Louis, Missouri