Thus, if he be obliged to add 1 only at the first step, or halving, either 4 or 8 was the number thought on; if there were a necessity to add 1 both at the first and second steps, either 2 or 10 was the number thought on, &c.
And which of the two numbers is the true one may always be known from the last step of the operation; for if 1 must be added before the last half can be taken, the number is in the second column, or otherwise in the first, as will appear from the following examples:
| Suppose the number chosen to be | 9 | |
| To which, if we add | 1 | |
| The sum is | 10 | |
| Then the triple of that number is | 30 | |
| 1. The half of which is | 15 | |
| The triple of 15 is | 45 | |
| 2. And the half of that is | 23 | |
| The triple of 23 is | 69 | |
| 3. The half of that is | 35 | |
| And the half of that is | 18 |
From which it appears, that it was necessary to add 1 both at the second and third steps, or halvings; and therefore, by the table, the number thought on is either 1 or 9. And as the last number was obliged to be augmented by 1 before the half could be taken, it follows also, by the above rule, that the number must be in the second column; and consequently it is 9.
| Again, suppose the number thought on to be | 6 | |
| To which, if we add | 1 | |
| The sum is | 7 | |
| Then the triple of that number is | 21 | |
| 1. The half of which is | 11 | |
| The triple of 11 is | 33 | |
| 2. And the half of that is | 17 | |
| The triple of 17 is | 51 | |
| 3. The half of that is | 26 | |
| And the half of that half is | 13 |
From which it appears, that it was necessary to add 1 at all the steps, or halvings, 1, 2, 3, therefore, by the table, the number thought on is either 6 or 14.
And as the last number required no augmentation before its half could be taken, it follows also, by the above rule, that the number must be in the first column; and consequently it is 6.
A curious Recreation, usually called—The Blind Abbess and her Nuns.
A blind abbess visiting her nuns, who were twenty-four in number, and equally distributed in eight cells, built at the four corners of a square, and in the middle of each side, finds an equal number in every row, containing three cells. At a second visit, she finds the same number of persons in each row as before, though the company was increased by the accession of four men. And coming a third time, she still finds the same number of persons in each row, though the four men were then gone, and had each of them carried away a nun.
| Fig. 1. | Fig. 2. | Fig. 3. | ||||||||
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | ||
| 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | ||