LONDON:
E. & F. N. SPON, 48 CHARING CROSS.
NEW YORK: 446 BROOME STREET.
1876.

[All rights reserved.]


Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, by
JOHN RICHARDS,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.


PREFACE.

The contents of the present work, except the Introduction and the chapter on Gauges, consist mainly in a revision of a series of articles published in "Engineering" and the Journal of the Franklin Institute, under the head of "The Principles of Shop Manipulation," during 1873 and 1874.

The articles alluded to were suggested by observations made in actual practice, and by noting a "habit of thought" common among learners, which did not seem to accord with the purely scientific manner in which mechanical subjects are now so constantly treated.

The favourable reception which the articles on "Shop Manipulation" met with during their serial publication, and various requests for their reproduction in the form of a book, has led to the present edition.