*1860. Taku Forts (1).
*1884-85. Nile (2).
1900. South Africa.
Uniform.—1st Batt., Scarlet with Yellow facings (from 1741 till territorialised, when White facings were substituted). 2nd Batt., Scarlet with Crimson facings (from 1741-64); Scarlet with Purple facings (from 1764 to 1881: see Nicknames).
Regimental and other Badges.—"The Castle and Key" and Motto, "Montis Insignia Calpe" (for defence of Gibraltar by the 56th). Also "The Sphinx" for "Egypt" (1801—by the 44th). Also, though not in Army List, "The County Arms."
Nicknames, &c.—"The Two Fours" (of the 44th). "The Little Fighting Fours" (the regiment saw hard service in the Peninsula, and its men were of small average stature). "The Pompadours" and "Saucy Pompeys." (Tradition relates that when the facings were changed in 1764 (the crimson not wearing well) the Colonel desired Blue, but, the authorities objecting, he chose Purple, a favourite colour of Madame de Pompadour, a mistress of Louis XV. of France.)
Notes.—The 44th captured an Eagle of The 62nd French Infantry at Salamanca.
Bibliography.—Historical Record of The 44th, or East Essex Regiment of Foot. Illustrated. [London: Mitchell. 1864.]
Historical Record of The 44th, or East Essex Regiment. By T. Carter. 2nd Edition. Illustrated. [Chatham: Gale and Polden. 1887.]
Historical Record of The 56th, or West Essex Regiment. 1755-1844. Illustrated. [London: Parker. 1844.]