"The Greatest Failure in All History" / A Critical Examination of the Actual Workings of Bolshevism in Russia

by John Spargo

• INDEX
• A
• Adjustment committees, [203].
• Administrative officials, increase in, [236], [241], [242].
• Advertising monopoly, decreed, [323].
• Aeroplane-factories, decline of output in, [207].
• Agents, provocative, use of, [4].
• Agriculture, nationalization of, [82], [83], [84], [85].
• Agunov, A., incarcerated, [319].
• Alexander Works, strike at, [248], [250].
• Alexinsky, Gregory, reports of Joint Congress, [291], [321].
• Alien agitators, deportation of, [152], [153] n.
• Allies, intervention by, [155], [190];
• deserted by Bolsheviki, [308];
• and blockade of Russia, [431-438].
• “Allotment gardens” scheme, [87], [88].
• Alminsky, on Extraordinary Commission, [159], [160].
• Anarchy, among peasants, [7], [72], [74], [75], [96], [97], [99], [100], [212].
• Andreiv, Leonid, [319].
• Anti-Bolshevist press exterminated, [324].
• Anti-Jewish pogroms, [103].
• Antonelli, Etienne, [155].
• Arakcheev, Count, and militarization of agricultural labor, [399].
• Arbitration committees, [203].
• Armed force, failed, [124], [125], [136].
• Armistice, the, [432].
• Army:
• demoralization of, [216];
• labor, [391-409];
• under Soviet direction, [446], [447].
• Arrests, mass, [155].
• Arthur Koppel Works, strike at, [248].
• Assemblage, freedom of, [339], [340], [341], [342], [343], [347], [348].
• Astrov, Cadet, property confiscated, [165].
• Auditoriums, publicly owned, [349];
• controlled by workmen’s organizations, [350].
• Aviation plant, wage system, [259].
• Axelrod-Orthodox, [321].
• B
• Babeuf, Gracchus, death, [426].
• Ballot, secrecy of, [49].
• Berkenheim, Alexander, and blockade, [435], [436].
• Bezhenov, quoted, [287] n.
• Black Hundreds, reign of terror, [4].
• Blockade, Russian, [431-438].
• Blue gendarmes, reign of terror, [4].
• Bogdanov, N., report on nationalization of agriculture, [83], [84], [85].
• Bolsheviki:
• control in Russia, [1];
• methods, [2];
• rule of blood and iron, [3];
• Red Guards, [4];
• system of espionage, [4], [5];
• abandoned theories, [5];
• opposed to first Soviet, [12], [16], [22-28];
• apologists, [31];
• discontent and hatred against, [33];
• peasants hostile to, [82];
• and transportation system, [91];
• charged with brutality and crime, [92];
• and distribution of land, [97], [98], [99];
• instigate peasants to murder, [103];
• grain decree, [104], [453-464];
• create committees of the poor, [109];
• and terrorism, [140-191];
• brutal methods, [144], [145], [146], [147];
• despotic and tyrannical, [194];
• demand abolition of death penalty, [157];
• restore death penalty, [158];
• torture at inquest, [174];
• and Soviet control of industry, [198];
• decline of productivity under, [209], [210], [211];
• propaganda, [210], [220], [411], [412];
• and demoralization of army, [210], [216];
• and maximum production, [215];
• and seizure of government, [215];
• and factory control, [216], [217], [218], [219];
• and trades-unions, [247-258];
• bureaucracy of, [263-267];
• and civil war, [292], [308];
• party formed, [309];
• brutal methods to maintain power, [311];
• suppression of newspapers, [313-317];
• hostility to freedom of press, [317-319], [329], [332-339];
• and public assemblage, [342-346];
• and conscription of labor, [374-383];
• and labor army, [391], [392], [406];
• attitude toward Constituent Assembly, [414], [415], [421];
• election against, [417], [419];
• wholesale shootings, [422];
• sufferings of
• Russia under, [423];
• and czarism, [426];
• unpardonable crime of, [428];
• and blockade, [431-438];
• treachery, [438];
• agitation against German Government, [443], [444];
• and Brest-Litovsk treaty, [444];
• decree on education, [450];
• and militarism, [451].
• Bolshevism:
• developed new bureaucracy, [4];
• defined, [16];
• and nationalization of industry, [239], [240], [241], [242], [243], [307];
• fall inevitable, [307];
• abhorrent, [307];
• perversion of Socialistic idea, [307];
• tragic failure, [413];
• a government by force, [413];
• universal spread of, [438], [439], [440].
• Bolshevist:
• régime tottering, [1];
• adaptability, [5];
• propaganda, [210], [220], [411], [412];
• congress of, [421].
• Bonch-Bruyevich, and Red Terror, [141].
• Bourgeoisie, massacre of, [144];
• mobilization of, [376], [377], [378], [379].
• Bread scarcity, [261], [262], [297].
• Breshkovsky, Catherine, [319].
• Brest-Litovsk Treaty, [29], [30], [321], [432], [442], [443], [444].
• Brichkina, S., and Labor Army, [392-396].
• Bryant, Louise, [154].
• Bucharin, and trades-unions, [255];
• The Program of the Communists, [334], [439];
• and freedom of the press, [335], [337];
• a tyrant, [351];
• editor of Pravda, [358].
• Bullitt, William C., [154].
• Bureaucracy:
• developed, [4];
• of the Bolsheviki, [263-267];
• corruption of, [268-274];
• efficiency of, [275-279];
• increase, [444].
• Bureaucratic red tape, [284].
• C
• Capitalism, return to, [247].
• Capital punishment, abolition of, [157];
• restoration of, [158].
• “Centrosoyuz,” [435], [436].
• Chernov, [74], [76], [78].
• Chicherine, relations with British Government, [443].
• Chief Tasks of Our Times, The, [226], [439].
• Children executed, [145], [146].
• Chresvychaika, The, [154], [155], [169], [451].
• Civil War in France, Marx, [356].
• Civil War in Russia, [292].
• Clergy denied right to vote, [46].
• Coal-mines, low production, [228], [229], [262].
• Coal:
• transportation, [283], [285];
• supply, [296].
• Code of Labor Laws of Soviet Russia, [371], [374], [380], [381], [382], [390].
• Commissars, Council of People’s, [54], [55], [56], [57], [63], [66].
• Committee, All-Russian Central Executive, [53], [54], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [66].
• Committee of the Poor established, [109], [110], [111], [112], [114], [115].
• Committees, extraordinary, brutal and corrupt, [4].
• Commune of 1871, Paris, [356], [429], [430], [431].
• Communes, agricultural, [86], [87].
• Communist Manifesto, Marx, [353], [354], [356].
• Communist Party:
• hatred of, [33];
• creation of, [35];
• dictatorship over Russian people, [357];
• responsibility, [358];
• predominance of, in Soviet Government, [359];
• in the army, [359];
• mobilization
• of regiments by, [360];
• membership, [360], [361], [362], [364];
• campaign for new members, [363], [364];
• represents minority of organized proletariat, [365].
• Congresses of the Soviets, The, [52], [53], [56], [57], [58], [59], [66].
• Conscription by decree, [446].
• Conscription of labor, [369], [374], [375], [376], [377], [378], [379], [380], [381], [382], [383], [400], [401], [406].
• Constituent Assembly:
• elections, [15], [16], [193], [194], [195], [417], [418], [426];
• and land problem, [76-81];
• convocation of, [141], [142], [158], [414], [415], [416], [420];
• dispersed, [311], [420];
• betrayal of, [421].
• Constitution of the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic, [62], [421].
• Control Commission, the, instructions to, [216], [217], [218], [219].
• Corn, transport, [285].
• Corruption of the bureaucracy, [268-274].
• Cotton-factories, idle, [286].
• “Cottonized” flax, [288].
• Cotton substitute, [288].
• Council of the People’s Commissaries, [22], [23], [193], [194].
• Council of Workmen’s Deputies of Petrograd organized, [12].
• Counter-revolutionists, destruction of, [156], [157].
• Courts of justice abolished, [149].
• Cultivation, decline in, [113], [121].
• Czarism, opposition to, [2];
• ruled by brute force, [3];
• developed bureaucracy, [4], [139];
• destroyed, [426].
• D
• Das Kapital, [356].
• Day-work payments, [281].
• Death penalty, right to inflict, [156], [157], [158], [159];
• abolished, [190].
• Decree No. 903, [167], [168].
• Deportation, provisions for, [152], [153].
• Deputies, Soviet of, [59], [60].
• Deserters, army, [446];
• shooting of relatives, [447].
• Desertion, mass, [210].
• Deutsch, Leo, [321].
• Dictatorship of the Proletariat, [225] n.
• Dictatorship of the proletariat, [298], [306].
• Dien, The, suppressed, [319], [320], [321], [322].
• Dioneo-Shklovsky, on wholesale massacres, [144].
• Disfranchisement, right of, [48], [49], [51].
• Documents:
• decree regarding grain control, [453-456];
• regulation concerning the administration of national undertakings, [456-464];
• instructions on Workers’ Control, [465-472].
• Donetz Basin coal-fields, output, [228];
• supply from, [296].
• Dukhonine, General, murdered, [320].
• Dumas, Charles, on village wars, [103];
• on Schastny case, [173], [174].
• Dumas, city, [195], [197].
• Dyelo Naroda, quoted, [35];
• suppressed, [319], [321], [322].
• Dzerzhinsky, proclamation by, [183], [184].
• E
• Economicheskaya Zhizn, quoted, [88], [282], [282] n, [283], [284], [285], [286], [287], [288], [289], [293], [307].
• Edinstvo, suppressed, [318].
• Education, decrees on, [450].
• Efficiency of the bureaucracy, [275-279].
• Eight-hour day, [229], [232], [237], [349].
• Elections, Soviet, [46], [47], [48].
• Electoral franchise withheld, [45], [46], [47], [51].
• Electorate, divided into two groups, [63].
• Electric-lamp factories closed, [287].
• Engels, Frederick, and the modern state, [8];
• quoted, [9], [10], [128];
• and Marx, [356].
• Eroshkin, M. C., on Committees of the Poor, [114], [115];
• and uprisings against Soviets, [148], [149].
• Estates, nationalization of, [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [95], [96];
• confiscated, [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101].
• Eupatoria, massacres in, [144].
• Exchange stations established, [136], [137].
• Executions:
• mass, held at Rostov-on-Don, [145];
• Mihont trial, [222].
• Exports, [433], [434].
• Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-revolution, created, [154], [155];
• proclamation, [156];
• shooting of people by, [158], [159], [163], [164], [165], [166], [167], [168], [169], [170], [171];
• powers limited, [180].
• Eyre, Lincoln, and the Chresvychaikas, [155];
• on compulsory labor, [374].
• F
• Factories:
• closing of, [87], [300];
• confiscated, [205], [211], [216], [225], [227], [237];
• abandoned by owners, [237];
• nationalized, [300].
• Factory:
• owners forced out, [198], [204], [205];
• councils, [198], [199], [200], [201];
• owners recalled, [212];
• control
• under Provisional Government, [216], [217], [218], [219].
• Famine, [121], [136], [138], [245], [246], [289], [290].
• Feeding, class system of, [185], [186].
• Fir cones, collected for fuel, [285].
• Flax, production, [294], [295];
• export, [295], [435].
• Food:
• army, [112];
• hoarding, [122], [123];
• transportation, [285];
• supply, [433];
• shortage, [435], [437].
• Food-requisitioning detachments:
• formed, [107], [111], [112];
• reports on, [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119], [120];
• unsuccessful visits, [122], [123];
• resistance to, [136].
• Freedom, promise of, [451].
• Free trade, forbidden, [185].
• Freight-tonnage, decrease in, [236].
• French Revolution, [422], [424], [425], [426], [427], [428].
• Fuel, situation, [285];
• shortage, [295], [296].
• Fuel supply, failure of, [244].
• G
• Gas, absence of, [288].
• George III, and equal suffrage, [414].
• Gendarmes, Russia ruled by, [3], [4].
• Genzelli brothers, shot, [172].
• Germany, peace with Russia, [308], [431].
• Girondins, [427].
• Goldman, L. I., on Jaroslav uprisings, [23].
• Goode, William T., [154];
• on judicial system of Soviet Russia, [178], [179].
• Gorky, Maxim, on village wars, [97], [103];
• “The Policy of Despair,” [107];
• and armed force, [124];
• on brutal methods of the Bolsheviki, [144], [145];
• paper suppressed, [322].
• Gostev, on nationalization of industry, [239].
• Grain control, decree regarding, [453-456].
• Grain:
• shipments, [123], [124];
• exchanged, [136];
• control of, [104], [453-456];
• profiteers, [105];
• regulations, [105], [106];
• requisitioned, [107], [108], [109], [112];
• curtailment of production, [121];
• hoarding, [122], [123];
• speculation in, [122], [123].
• Guards, Red, special privileges, [4].
• Gukovsky, commissar of finances, on railway system, [236];
• on marine transportation service, [236];
• report on Budget, [238].
• Guyot, Yves, [369].
• H
• Hand-cart, prize for invention of, [284].
• “Hangman’s Journal, The,” [170].
• Hard, William, and suppression of newspapers, [313], [314], [315], [316], [317], [318], [330], [342].
• Haulage system, rope, introduced, [285];
• instead of railways, [306].
• Hides, production, [295].
• Holidays, increase of, [228].
• Horses, disappearance, [284].
• How the Russian Peasants Fought for a Constituent Assembly, [142] n.
• Hunger, unemployment cause of, [87], [88].
• Huxley, [369].
• I
• Imports, [433].
• Industrial allotments, administration of, established, [87].
• Industrial establishments, policy of subsidizing, [238].
• Industry:
• nationalization of, [82], [236], [237], [239], [240], [241], [242], [243];
• Soviet control of, [198], [213], [214], [215];
• disorganized, [238].
• International, Third, an instrument of revolution, [440], [441].
• Ivanovsky, Michael, shooting of, [184].
• Izvestia, on peasant uprisings, [117], [118], [119];
• quoted, [24], [115], [118], [138], [143], [163], [170], [183-187], [195], [196], [197], [198], [205], [222-224], [262], [266], [268], [271], [305], [328], [378], [402-405].
• J
• Jacobins, [427].
• “Jacqueries,” revival of, [74].
• Jandarmov, on production, [210], [211], [212].
• Jaroslav insurrection, [22], [23], [24].
• Jews, persecuting of, [347].
• Joffe, on “Revolutionary Methods,” [443].
• Journals, suppressed, [5].
• Judicial system, democratic, [149];
• of Soviet Russia, [178], [179].
• K
• Kalinin, and conciliation of the middle peasantry, [134], [135], [136].
• Kamenev:
• on Constituent Assembly, [15];
• and death penalty, [157];
• and constitutional assembly, [193];
• on profiteering, [304];
• and universal spread of Bolshevism, [438].
• Kautsky, and the dictatorship of the proletariat, [356].
• Keeling, H. V., on suppression of Soviets, [27];
• on Soviet elections, [33].
• Keely, Royal C., and compulsory labor, [374].
• Kerensky, A. F., Premier of Provincial Government, [2], [3];
• land
• program, [74], [76], [77];
• and demoralization of industry, [91];
• and deserting soldiers, [96];
• and German counter-revolutionists, [157];
• overthrow, [193];
• on increased production, [210];
• and industrial control, [219];
• and help for industrial establishments, [238].
• Kerensky, Alexander, translator, [283] n.
• Kerzheutzer, on “requisition parties,” [116], [117].
• Kiev, massacres in, [145].
• Knielnitski, Bogdan, revolt of, [429].
• Kobozev, Commissar of Communications, on inactivity of the workers, [237].
• Kohoshkin, F. F., murder of, [143].
• Kopp, Victor, on grain exports, [434].
• Kornilov, on decline of productivity, [207].
• Krassin, Leonid B., and reorganization of industry, [279];
• appointment as commissary, [280];
• industrial despot, [281];
• reorganized system, [282];
• and transportation, [283], [284], [285];
• on the fall of Bolshevism, [307];
• on grain exports, [434].
• Krivoshayer, report on requisitioning detachments, [120].
• Krylenko, and capture of General Headquarters, [320];
• report on military organization, [446].
• L
• Labor booklet, [386], [387], [388], [389].
• Labor distribution, department of, [383], [384], [385], [386].
• Labor, time limit, [212];
• low productivity, [297];
• shortage, [304], [305];
• conscription of, [369], [370],
• [374], [375], [376], [377], [378], [379], [381], [382], [383], [391], [400], [401], [409].
• Land commissions created, [71], [72], [73], [74], [76], [81].
• Landowners murdered, [72], [74].
• Land:
• seized, [72], [73], [74], [75], [76];
• law, [78], [79];
• socialization of, [80], [83], [87], [88], [89];
• distribution of, [95-103], [426].
• Latzis, on conditions in Province of Vitebsk, [117].
• L’Avanti, of Rome, [350].
• La Vérité sur les Bolsheviki, Charles Dumas, [103] n.
• Laws, Russian, [39], [40], [45], [46], [47], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56].
• League of Nations, Supreme Council of, [436].
• Leather-factories, output, [286], [287].
• Lenin, Nicolai, internal opposition, [1];
• theories abandoned, [5];
• and Constitutional Assembly, [15], [415], [416], [417], [419];
• opposed Soviets, [18];
• report on peasant uprisings, [119];
• attitude toward peasantry, [127], [128-134];
• and Menshevist Social Democrats, [127];
• attempted assassination of, [140], [141], [148], [160], [161], [162], [164];
• on terrorism, [147];
• and death penalty, [157];
• on elections, [194];
• on success of Socialism in Russia, [222], [223], [224];
• and Soviet meetings, [230];
• and new-born bourgeoisie, [263];
• on administration by single individual, [305], [306];
• analysis of, by Rosa Luxemburg, [309];
• estimate of, by P. Rappaport, [310];
• contempt for democratic ways, [310];
• brutal methods, [311], [312];
• and freedom of the press, [332], [333], [337];
• report on “Bourgeois and Proletarian Democracies,” [345], [346];
• a tyrant, [351];
• Two Tactics, [352];
• and Marxism, [353], [354], [355];
• on dictatorship of the proletariat, [358];
• anti-statists, [371], [372], [373];
• on compulsory labor, [375], [380];
• and labor army, [392-396];
• and equal suffrage, [414];
• on freedom of speech, publication, and assemblage, [420];
• new set of principles, [421];
• and Paris Commune, [429], [430];
• and universal spread of Bolshevism, [438], [439];
• and Soviet direction of army, [447].
• Le Peuple, of Brussels, [350].
• Les Bolsheviks à l’œuvre, [147] n.
• Levine, Isaac Don, on Soviet Russia, [37], [154].
• L’Humanité, [350].
• Liberty, the right of discussion, [313].
• Lincoln, Abraham, quoted, [338];
• and equal suffrage, [414].
• Litvinov, and revolutionary agitation, [442].
• Livestock, decline in quantity, [295].
• Lockerman, M., on terrorism, [147].
• Locomotives, lack of, [261], [262];
• disabled, [292], [293], [299].
• Lock-outs, [249].
• Lomov, and return to capitalism, [247].
• Louis XVI, overthrow, [425].
• M
• Machine-shops closed, [238].
• Magna Charta, signing of, [413].
• Malone, M. P., Colonel, [154], [155].
• Manufactured goods, lessening of production, [138].
• Marine transportation service, nationalized, [236];
• demoralized, [236].
• Martov, L., protest against restoration
• of death penalty, [157], [158];
• account of Schastny trial, [174], [175];
• on red tape and waste, [284];
• accuses Lenin, [321].
• Marx, Karl, theory, [128], [425];
• and social evolution, [241];
• Socialism of, [339];
• teachings, [353];
• Communist Manifesto, [353], [354];
• death, [353];
• meaning of the term “proletariat,” [354], [355], [356];
• and universal suffrage, [414];
• Civil War in France, [431].
• Marxian Socialists of Russia, [227], [271].
• Marxism and Leninism, [353], [354].
• Marx Printing Works, wage-system, [259].
• Massacres, wholesale, [144], [145].
• Material, raw, lack of, [238];
• transportation, [293], [294].
• Match-factories, output, [287].
• “Meeting-holding” and loss of time, [230], [231].
• Melnikov, P., and execution of children, [146].
• Memorandum on Certain Aspects of the Bolshevist Movement in Russia, A, quoted, [33].
• Menshekov, on Soviet elections, [35];
• report on production, [208].
• Mensheviki:
• opposed to Bolsheviki, [12];
• stand on Soviet platform, [32];
• faction of Social Democratic Party, [67];
• party formed, [309].
• Metal, transportation, [294].
• Metal workers idle, [286].
• Militarism, freedom from, [451].
• Military Revolutionary committees, [26].
• Miliukov, and government employees, [264].
• Miliutin, on nationalization of industry, [239].
• Mir, privileged journal, [325].
• Mizkevich, publicist, [450].
• Mobilization, forcible, [125].
• Molot, priest, arrest, [164].
• Money, loan, [238];
• paper issue, [238], [246].
• Monks, denied right to vote, [46].
• Montagnards, the, [427].
• Moscow railway workshops, decline in production, [228], [229].
• Mothers petition for lives of their children, [146].
• Munition-works, decline of output in, [207], [208].
• Mytishchy Works, Moscow, loss of production, [228], [229].
• N
• Nache Slovo, fined, [329].
• Narodnoye Slovo, suppressed, [319].
• Nasha Rech, suppressed, [318].
• Nashe Yedinstvo, confiscated, [321].
• Nationalization:
• of the land, [83], [85], [88];
• of industry, [260], [280], [282];
• policy, demand for abolition, [298].
• Nationalized industries, financing, [288];
• picture of, [307].
• Nemensky, and government employees, [264].
• Nevsky Shipbuilding and Engineering Works, premium system restored, [259];
• closed, [286].
• Newspaper, compulsory purchase of, [326].
• Newspapers: suppressed, [313-319];
• “nationalized,” [324];
• fined, [329];
• denied circulation through mails, [324].
• Nicholas II, Czar, [62];
• regulations, [343];
• and equal suffrage, [414];
• overthrow, [425].
• Nikolaiev, on agricultural communes, [86].
• Noble Factory, wage-system, [259].
• Notch, suppressed, [320].
• Novayia Zhizn, suppressed, [322].
• Novotcherkassk, massacres in, [145].
• Novoye Vremia, establishment seized, [323].
• Novy Looch, suppressed, [321], [322].
• O
• Oberoucheff, Gen. C. M., quoted, [3].
• Obligatory Regulation No. [27], [326], [327].
• “Off days,” increase of, [228].
• Oil, fuel, deficiency, [285].
• Okhrana (Czar’s Secret Service), reign of terror, [4], [46].
• Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State, [10].
• Oupovalov, J. E., on suppression of Soviets, [29], [30];
• on increased production, [209];
• and trades-unions, [253];
• on public assemblage, [340], [341].
• Outre Rossii, fined, [329].
• Overtime, [281].
• P
• Paper currency, worthless, [137], [138].
• Pauper committees established, [109], [110], [111], [112], [114], [115].
• Peasantry:
• Lenin’s attitude toward, [127-134];
• Kalinin on, [134-136].
• Peasants:
• voters discriminated against, [66];
• uprisings among, [72], [73], [74], [75], [92], [96], [100], [101], [102], [148], [149];
• character, [92], [93];
• savage brutality, [93], [94];
• soldier deserters, [96], [97];
• distribution of land among, [97], [98], [99];
• conflict with Soviet authorities, [98], [99];
• resist grain regulations,
• [106], [107], [112];
• city proletariat against, [107];
• opposed to Committees of the Poor, [114], [115];
• resist requisitioning detachments, [120], [121], [122];
• curtail production, [121];
• revolt against Soviet rule, [121], [122];
• hoarding food, [122], [123];
• resist forcible mobilization, [125];
• and exchange stations, [136], [137];
• robbed of grain, [137];
• and Soviet power, [138].
• People’s commissaries, [32].
• People’s food commissioner, powers of, [105], [106].
• People’s tribunals, cases and sentences cited, [93], [94].
• Petrograd Soviet of Workmen’s Deputies organized, [12], [13].
• Petrovsky, call for mass terror, [162], [163].
• Piece-work system, [247], [252], [259], [280].
• Platonov, on agricultural communes, [87].
• Plechanov, George V., publication confiscated, [319], [321].
• “Policy of Despair, The,” Gorky, [107].
• Political offenses, special tribunals for, [150], [151], [152].
• Politicians, ousted, [281].
• Polnotch, suppressed, [320].
• Potresov, Alexander, opinions of, [319], [320].
• Pravda, quoted, [6], [26], [96], [110], [125], [128-134], [159], [194], [261], [317], [344-346], [363], [364], [447].
• Premiums, [280].
• Press Department, [325].
• Press, Russian, freedom of, [315], [316], [317], [318], [322], [329], [332], [333], [334], [335], [336], [337], [339], [350], [351].
• Prinkipo Conference, [441].
• Printing establishments “nationalized,” [323].
• Printers’ union, suppressed, [252].
• Prisons, city, conditions in, [179].
• Production, decrease under Soviet government, [208], [209], [212], [227], [228], [229], [241], [242].
• Productivity, decline in, [204], [206], [207], [208].
• Profiteering, proceedings against, [150].
• Program of the Communists, The, [334], [439].
• Proletariat:
• dictatorship of the, [352], [353], [355], [356];
• meaning of, [354];
• uprising of, [355].
• “Proletcult” of Soviet Russia, [450].
• Propaganda, [441].
• Provisional Government, the, [8], [12], [14], [15], [95], [197], [198], [203], [209], [210], [211], [215], [216], [226], [308], [414], [415], [426].
• Putilov works, strike at, [248], [250].
• R
• Rabatcheie Delo, suppressed, [318].
• Rabochaia Gazeta, suppressed, [318], [319].
• Radek, and death penalty, [157].
• Radek, and universal spread of Bolshevism, [438];
• on Spartacist uprisings, [439].
• Rakovsky, and death penalty, [157].
• Railroad Workers’ Unions:
• Congress of, [254];
• merged with the state, [254], [255].
• Railway system:
• demoralized, [236];
• operating expenses increased, [236].
• Railways:
• nationalized, [235], [237], [242], [243], [246];
• deficits, [243];
• service test, [243], [244];
• collapse, [244], [246];
• wood fuel for, [244], [245].
• Railway transportation, [283], [292], [293], [294], [296], [297], [299].
• Railway workers’ councils abolished, [236].
• Rakitnikov, Inna, report on opening of Constituent Assembly, [141], [142].
• Ranee Outre, fined, [329].
• Ransome, Arthur, on Soviet Government, [32];
• Bolsheviki sympathizer, [154];
• on Red Terror, [180];
• on powers of Extraordinary Commission, [181], [182].
• Raw material, shortage, [301].
• Razin, Stenka, revolt of, [429].
• Red army:
• deserters, [187];
• whole families shot, [187], [188];
• formation of, [447], [448].
• Red Terror:
• a reprisal, [140];
• introduction of, [148];
• a mad orgy, [160];
• extent of, [177], [178];
• ceased to exist, [180];
• beginning of, [427].
• Reed, John, [154].
• Revolutionary Tribunal, the, decree constituting, [151], [152], [153], [154].
• Revolutionary Tribunal of the Press, created, [328], [329].
• Richter, Eugene, [369].
• Reign of Terror in French Revolution, [422], [424], [427], [428].
• Robins, Raymond, [154].
• Romanov II, Nicholas, reign of, [330].
• Rope haulage, [285], [306].
• Ross, Professor, on strikes, [201];
• on misuse of Soviet power, [204], [205];
• on decline in productivity, [204], [205].
• Rostov-on-Don, massacres in, [145].
• Royd, Fanny, execution of, [174].
• Rozanov, on agricultural communes, [87].
• Russian:
• Revolution, [195], [423], [425], [426], [427], [428];
• Social Democratic Party, split of, [309];
• blockade, [431-438];
• peace with Germany, [431-433].
• Russkaya Volia, suppressed, [319].
• Russkoye Bogatstvo, suppressed, [322].
• Russkya Viedomasti, suppressed, [322].
• Rykov, A., and nationalization of industries, [239], [300];
• on economic situation, [291], [292];
• on transportation problem, [292], [293];
• on production of flax, [294], [295];
• and hides, [295];
• and wool, [295];
• on fuel situation, [295], [296], [297];
• on grain, [297];
• remedial measures proposed, [298], [299];
• on textile industry, [301], [302];
• as to the future, [302];
• and skilled labor, [303], [304].
• S
• Sabotage, [150], [207], [210], [215], [220], [221], [223], [224].
• Salt, disappeared from market, [288], [289];
• substitute, [289].
• Sawdust, substitute for sugar, [288].
• Schastny, Admiral, trial and death, [172], [173], [174].
• Scherbatchev factory, fall in production, [229].
• Schliapnikoff, Commissar of Labor, quoted, [282] n.
• Schneuer, Lieutenant, German spy, [320].
• Sebastopol, massacres in, [144].
• Seminov’s lumber mill, wage-system, [259].
• Sentences, mass, [155].
• Serfdom abolished, [92].
• Severnaya Communa, subscription to, obligatory, [326], [327];
• quoted, [25], [120], [166-169], [171], [179], [184], [185], [250-251], [258], [259-260], [342], [361].
• Shingarev, A. I., murder of, [143].
• Shliapnikov, protest against sabotage, [221], [222].
• Shooting, mass, [170].
• Shub, David N., on suppression of newspapers, [315], [319], [320], [321], [322], [323].
• Simferopol, massacres in, [144].
• Six-hour day, [349].
• Skobelev, on seizure of factories, [205];
• on decline of industrial output, [206], [207].
• Smirnov, M., and execution of children, [146].
• Smith, Goldwin, [369].
• Socialism:
• foe of individual freedom, [369];
• critics of, [369], [370].
• Socialism, Utopian and Scientific, [9].
• Socialists, Marxian, [8], [10], [11];
• join first Soviet, [12];
• expelled from New York Legislature, [29];
• and freedom of the press, [336];
• press, [350].
• Socialists-Revolutionists, party of, election, [417];
• factions in, [419].
• Soldatskaia Pravda, Bolshevist paper, [318].
• Soldiers, peasant, deserters, [96], [210].
• Soromovo Works, output, [227].
• Soronov, shot, [184].
• Sosnovsky, report on conditions in Tver Province, [117].
• Soviet:
• government in Russia, [16], [17];
• system, [17], [18];
• elections, [21], [22], [33], [34], [35], [36];
• form of government explained, [38], [39];
• estates, [83], [84], [85];
• power, misuse of, [205];
• increased cost of production under, [208];
• control
• of industries, [213], [214], [215], [219], [230], [231], [234];
• control of factories, [216];
• decree of instructions, [217], [218], [220], [225];
• economic situation in 1919, [289];
• official organ, [326], [327].
• Sovietism:
• merits of, [444];
• increased bureaucracy, [444];
• in industry, [445];
• and direction of army, [446], [447];
• impractical, [449].
• Soviets at Work, The, [225] n, [226], [234].
• Soviets:
• formed, [12], [13];
• irresponsible bodies, [13];
• cleansed, [22];
• dissolved, [22], [23], [25], [26], [27];
• uprisings against, [148], [149];
• waning power of, [195], [196], [197];
• and decline in productivity, [208].
• Sovremennoie Delo, suppressed, [318].
• Spartacist uprisings, [439].
• Speech, freedom of, [339], [420].
• Spencer, Herbert, [369].
• Spiridonova, Maria, on nationalization of estates, [82].
• State and Revolution, The, [226] n, [373].
• State loans, repudiation of, [238].
• St. Bartholomew massacres, [144], [145].
• Steffens, Lincoln, on Soviet form of government, [38], [40].
• Steinberg, I. Z., “Instructions to the Revolutionary Tribunal,” [151].
• Strikers, right to, [201], [248], [252];
• wasteful, [204];
• among factory workers, [210];
• treason against state, [236];
• epidemic of, [248];
• suppressed with brutality, [248], [249], [250], [251], [281].
• Strumillo, J., on suppression of Soviets, [30], [31].
• Substitutes for needed articles, [288].
• Suffrage, [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [334], [335], [339], [354], [413], [414], [426].
• Sugar industry, liquidated, [288];
• sawdust substitute, [288].
• “Sukharevka,” campaign against, [271], [272].
• Syndicalism, [235].
• T
• Taylor system of management, [234].
• Teachers union, suppressed, [252].
• Teaching profession denied right to vote, [51], [52].
• Terrorism and the Bolsheviki, [140-191].
• Terror, mass, [162], [163].
• Textile industries, decline in production, [229], [301], [302];
• factories closed, [238];
• idle workers, [286].
• “Thermidorians,” [427].
• Thomas, Norman, [330], [342].
• Tomsky, on food-supplies, [302], [303];
• on shortage of labor, [304], [305].
• Trades-unions, Russian:
• conservatism of, [17], [18];
• and representation, [32];
• right to nominate, [50];
• Congress, [86], [87];
• and agricultural communes, [87];
• and strikes, [248], [252];
• and wage-fixing, [248], [252];
• and state capitalism, [252];
• suppressed, [252], [253];
• controlled by Bolsheviki, [252], [253];
• deprived of power, [281];
• status of, [382].
• Transportation system, [91], [238], [283], [284], [285], [289], [308], [433].
• Tribunals, revolutionary, critical and corrupt, [4].
• Trotsky:
• and internal opposition, [1];
• on constitutional assembly, [15], [193];
• and Jaroslav insurrection, [23];
• dispersed constitutional assembly, [79], [80], [81];
• and peasant uprisings, [121], [122];
• and forcible mobilization, [125], [126];
• on terrorism, [147], [183];
• and guillotine, [148];
• and death penalty, [157];
• famous decree No. 903, [167];
• and Admiral Schastny, [173], [175], [176];
• on railway transportation, [293], [294];
• on industrial failure, [301];
• on dissipation of working-class, [303], [304];
• on freedom of the press, [317], [332];
• a tyrant, [351];
• and communists in army, [359], [360];
• and labor army, [391], [396-406];
• denounced Kerensky, [415];
• and universal spread of Bolshevism, [438], [439];
• and deserters, [446], [447].
• Trudovoe Slovo, suppressed, [318].
• Trupp, Eugene, statement by, [163] n, [164] n.
• Tseretelli, and decline of productivity, [204].
• Tula Munition Works, strike at, [248];
• premium system restored, [260].
• Tyrants, defined, [312], [313].
• U
• Uprisings, peasant, [72], [73], [74], [75], [92], [96], [100], [101], [102], [148], [149].
• Urals Workers’ and Soldiers’ Soviet, [21].
• Uritzky, assassination of, [140], [148], [155], [158], [158] n, [159] n, [160], [161], [162], [163], [164], [167], [174].
• Utro, suppressed, [318].
• V
• Vandervelde, Emile, on factory councils, [200].
• Vasiliev, B. C., and execution of children, [145], [146].
• Vassilyev, Dr. N., [321].
• Verstraete, Maurice, description of Uritzky, [158] n, [159] n.
• V. Glookhooyou Notch, suppressed, [320].
• Village wars, [96], [97], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103].
• Villard, Oswald, [330], [342].
• Vlast Naroda, on village wars, [100], [101], [102].
• Volia Naroda, suppressed, [318], [319].
• Vorwärts, Berlin, [350].
• Vperiod, suppressed, [329].
• Vsiegda Vperiod, suppressed, [330].
• V. Temnooyou Notch, suppressed, [320].
• W
• Wages committees, [202], [203].
• Wage-system:
• daily pay, [247], [252], [259];
• piece-work, [247], [252], [259];
• cash bonuses, [247], [252];
• premiums, [259], [260].
• Wheat reserve, [297].
• White guards:
• shooting of, [166], [186];
• mass terror used against, [168].
• White terror of the bourgeoisie, [140], [148].
• Whitley Councils of England, [198].
• Whitman, Walt, quoted, [338].
• Women, liable to labor conscription, [382].
• Wood fuel, transportation of, [244], [245], [284], [285], [295], [296].
• Wool, production, [295].
• Work-books, [386], [387], [388], [389].
• Workers’ Control Commission, instructions on, [217], [218], [234].
• Workers’ control, abolished, [281], [282] n.
• Workmen’s and Peasants’ Revolutionary Tribunals established, [150].
• Workmen’s:
• supreme council, [214];
• organs of control, [214];
• superior court of control, [214].
• Workmen, unemployed, [238].
• Workshop committees, [199], [201], [202].
• Y
• Yedinstvo, suppressed, [319], [321].
• Z
• Zasulitch, Vera, [321].
• Zemstvos, local, [195].
• Zenzinov, V. M., on the Soviet Government, [31];
• on freedom of assemblage, [339], [340].
• Zinoviev:
• on Constituent Assembly, [15];
• and Red Terror, [141], [147];
• and death penalty, [157];
• on Soviet Russia, [290];
• a tyrant, [351];
• and universal spread of Bolshevism, [438], [439].

THE END

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