Cotton Weaving and Designing / 6th Edition

by John T. Taylor

Tallow

4

„

1 gall. water to 1 lb. farina.

Almost every manufacturer uses different proportions of ingredients. Many use wheat flour, farina, and sago mixed in various proportions, whilst a flour and farina mixture in the proportions of 2 : 1 is considered by some to give the best results. Farina and sago are also often mixed for light sizing in the proportion of two parts farina to one part sago. Wheat flour carries through better than farina or sago, and is therefore more generally used for the heavier kinds of sizing.

Any of these mixtures may be altered as regards strength, or otherwise, by increasing or diminishing their density. If a mixture twaddles 10 degrees at a given temperature, it may be strengthened for heavier cloths or higher picks by increasing the proportion of solid matter in the mixture until it twaddles 15 degrees at the same temperature.

For adding weight to the cloth china clay is the chief ingredient used. This material is found in deposits in Devonshire and Cornwall, and is used in large quantities for the purpose of weighting and filling cloth, more especially those manufactured for export to the Eastern markets.

For what is termed “medium” sizing, viz. adding about 30 to 50 per cent. to the weight of the cloth, the following materials are used in various proportions, the proportion given being an example—

Flour

100