Irish Cloth, white and red, in the reign of King John was much used in England.
Iron. Indian red, Venetian red, Mars red, Mars orange, Mars yellow are all coloured by iron (see Mars), and are valuable for their great durability. (See Metallurgy.)
Irradiated, Her. Surrounded by rays of light.
Iseia, Gr. and R. (Ἴσεια). Festivals in honour of Isis. Among the Romans they degenerated into mere licentiousness, and were abolished by the senate.
Iselastici Ludi, Gr. and R. Athletic contests which gave the victor the right of returning to his native city in a chariot (εἰσελαύνειν); whence the name iselastici. These contests formed part of the four great games of Greece, viz. the Olympic, Pythian, Isthmian, and Nemean games.
Fig. 400 a. Isodomum opus.
Isodomos or Isodomum, Gr. and R. (ἰσόδομος, i. e. equal course). A structure built in equal courses, that is, in such a way that the surface of each stone is of one uniform size, and that the joints of one layer are adjusted with those of another so as to correspond symmetrically.
Isokephaleia (Gr. ἴσος, equal; κεφαλὴ, head). A rule in Greek sculpture by which the heads of all the figures on a bas-relief were of the same height from the ground.
Isometrical Perspective, used for representing a bird’s-eye view of a place, combines the advantages of a ground-plan and elevation; only the lines of the base are made to converge, leaving the whole figure cubical, and without the expression of distance from the point of sight.