An Illustrated Dictionary of Words used in Art and Archaeology / Explaining terms frequently used in works on architecture, arms, bronzes, Christian art, colour, costume, decoration, devices, emblems, heraldry, lace, personal ornaments, pottery, painting, sculpture, &c., with their derivations.

by John W. Mollett

Judas Light, Judas Candlestick, Jewes Light, O. E. The wooden imitation of a candlestick which held the Paschal candle.

Jugalis (sc. equus). A horse harnessed to a yoke (jugum), instead of traces (funalis).

Jugerum. A Roman superficial measure, 240 feet by 120 feet. In the original assignment of landed property, two jugera were allotted to each citizen, as heritable property.

Jugum (Gr. ζυγόν). (1) A yoke for draught cattle. (2) Metaphorically, subjugation—“sub jugum mittere” = to pass under the yoke, as nations conquered by the Romans were made to. This ceremonial yoke was constructed of a horizontal supported by two upright spears, at such a height that those passing under it had to stoop the head and shoulders. (3) In a general sense the word signifies that which joins two things together, a cross-beam, &c.

Jugumentum. Door-head, transverse beam on the uprights (limen superius).

Jumps, O. E. (1) A loose bodice for ladies.

“Now a shape in neat stays, now a slattern in jumps:

Now high on French heels, now low in your pumps;

Like the cock on the tower that shews you the weather,

You are hardly the same for two days together.”