Philomel. Poetical for the nightingale.
Philyra and Philura, Gr. (φιλύρα). Strips of papyrus used for making a sheet of writing-paper; ten or twelve strips of papyrus were first glued together lengthwise, and at the back of these a sufficient number of strips were fastened crosswise to double the thickness of the surface so obtained.
Phimus, Gr. (φιμός). A Greek term synonymous with Fritillus (q.v.).
Phiolæ Rubricatæ. (See Sanguinolenta.)
Fig. 545. Phœnix. Device of Cardinal Trent.
Phœnix, Chr. In Christian archæology the phœnix, which is consumed by concentrating the sun’s rays in its body, and immediately rises again from its ashes, represents the mystery of the resurrection after death. In this sense it was adopted frequently as a device by ecclesiastics. (See Bennou.) In blazon it is always represented as issuant from flames. (Fig. [545].)
Phorminx, Gr. (φόρμιγξ). Homer’s epithet for the ancient lyre. It was a large lyre, and resembled the cithara of later times, or the modern guitar. It was used at an early period singly, or for accompanying recitations.
Photogalvanography. An art invented by Mr. Paul Pretsch, of Vienna, for printing from photographs by the medium of gutta percha. For a description of the process, see the Manual of Photography, 5th edition, pp. 269, 270.
Photoglyphic Engraving. An invention of Mr. Fox Talbot (1858) for engraving on metal plates by the action of light. (See Photographic Journal, vol. v. p. 58.)