An Illustrated Dictionary of Words used in Art and Archaeology / Explaining terms frequently used in works on architecture, arms, bronzes, Christian art, colour, costume, decoration, devices, emblems, heraldry, lace, personal ornaments, pottery, painting, sculpture, &c., with their derivations.

by John W. Mollett

Scapple. In Masonry, to reduce a stone to a straight surface, without making it smooth.

Scapulary, Chr. A part of the monastic dress, worn by both sexes over the shoulders (scapula). It is generally a narrow strip of cloth contrasting with the colour of the dress, reaching almost to the feet.

Scapus, Gr. and R. (σκᾶπος). A shaft or stem. This term is applied to several distinct things, which all, however, imply an idea of use in support of some other thing; as, for instance, the shaft of a column, which supports a capital, and occasionally an entablature; the central shaft or newel which supports the staircase of a column; the stem of a candelabrum or lamp-rest, and so on.

Fig. 603. Scarabæus, sacred.

Scarabæus (Egyp.), or sacred ateuchus, is an attribute of Phtha, and the symbol of creation. Under the name of Kheper (creator), the scarabæus was given to the soldiers in exchange for their oath of fidelity, and worn by them as a finger-ring. With wings extended (as in Fig. [603]) it is a funereal ornament.

Scarlet. (See Iodine Scarlet.)

Scarlet Ochre. (See Venetian Red.)

Scarpe, Escarpe, Her. A diminutive of a bend sinister.

Scauper. A tool used by engravers; a kind of gouge. (Angl. scooper.)