Sforzato (It.). In Music; with force, louder than the rest.
Sfregazzi or Sfregature, It. By this term is meant a peculiar thin kind of glazing, which is executed by dipping the finger into the colour, and drawing it once lightly and evenly along the part of the picture on which it is to be applied—such as the shade on the cheek, the limbs, &c., or wherever it is wished to lay a soft thin shadow. (Consult Mrs. Merrifield, Ancient Practice of Painting, vol. ii. p. 879.)
Sgraffito, It. (lit. scratched). A method of painting on stucco, in which a ground of dark stucco is covered with a coat of white, and the design is formed by scraping this away for the shadows. (Consult an article by Mr. Alan Cole in the House Furnisher and Decorator, May 10, 1873.)
Fig. 610. Shackle.
Shackle and Padlock, Her. A badge of the Yorkist party during the wars of the Roses; called also a Fetter-lock.
Shades. (See Umbræ.)
Shaft, Arch. The part of the column comprised between the base and the capital.
Shaft, O. E. The May-pole. May-poles seem to have existed in most villages until the Civil War. They were abolished by an ordinance of the Long Parliament, April 6, 1644, as heathenish vanities “generally abused to superstition and wickednesse.”
Shaftman, O. E. A measure roughly six inches; “the measure of the fist with the thumb set up.” (Ray, 1674.)