If the water is really six feet deep, how deep does it appear?

It appears to be only four feet deep.

What has frequently happened from not knowing this fact?

People have been drowned from getting into water deeper than it appeared to be.

Do the fish and other things floating in the water appear to be raised up?

Yes; like the bottom of the stream, they also appear to be only two-thirds as far from the surface as they really are.

If we wish to spear the fish, what must we do?

We must aim below the place where they seem to be, or we must strike perpendicularly at them.

Reflection of Light.

When a ball is thrown against a wall, what is the path through which it goes called?