When we touch a substance colder than we are, what takes place?

A part of the heat from us goes to that substance, and we experience a feeling of cold.

Does the amount of heat in any substance vary?

Yes; water may be heated until it is scalding hot, or the heat may be taken from it until it is frozen into ice.

What causes a substance to become cold?

Taking away heat from a substance causes it to become cold.

Then what is cold?

Cold is only the absence or want of heat.

When we pass from a very hot room to one moderately warm, how do we feel?

We experience a feeling of cold.