Number of Number of Equivalent
Elevation Stations Observations 1 degree F.=
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1,000 to 4,000 ft. 27 111 215 ft.
4,000 to 8,000 ft. 52 197 315
8,000 to 12,000 ft. 20 84 327
12,000 to 17,000 ft. 14 54 377
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Sum 113 Sum 446 Mean 308 ft.
The total number of comparative observations taken during that journey, amounted to 563, and the mean equivalent was 1 degree=303 feet, but I rejected many of the observations that were obviously unworthy of confidence.
V.—Miscellaneous observations (chiefy during the rainy season) taken during my journey into Sikkim and the frontier of Tibet, between May 2nd and December 25th, 1848. The observations were reduced as in the previous instance. The rains on this occasion were unusually protracted, and cannot be said to have ceased till mid-winter, which partly accounts for the very high temperatures.
Number of Number of Equivalent
Elevation Stations Observations 1 degree F.=
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1,000 to 4,000 ft. 10 45 422 ft.
4,000 to 8,000 ft. 21 283 336
8,000 to 12,000 ft. 18 343 355
12,000 to 17,000 ft. 29 219 417
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Sum 78 Sum 890 Mean 383 ft.
The great elevation of the temperature in the lowest elevations is accounted for by the heating of the valleys wherein these observations were taken, and especially of the rocks on their floors. The increase with the elevation, of the three succeeding sets, arises from the fact that the loftier regions are far within the mountain region, and are less forest clad and more sunny than the outer Himalaya.
A considerable number of observations were taken during this journey at night, when none are recorded at Calcutta, but which are comparable with contemporaneous observations taken by Mr. Muller at Dorjiling. These being all taken during the three most rainy months, when the temperature varies but very little during the whole twenty-four hours, I expected satisfactory results, but they proved very irregular and anomalous.
The means were—
At 21 stations of greater elevation than Dorjiling 1 degree=348 ft.
At 17 stations lower in elevation 1 degree=447 ft.
VI.—_Sixty-four contemporaneous observations at Jillapahar, 7,430 feet, and the bed of the Great Rungeet river, 818 feet; taken in
January and February, give 1 degree=322 feet.
VII.—Observations taken by burying a thermometer two and a half to three feet deep, in a brass tube, at Dorjiling and at various elevations near that station.