NON-EVERGREEN SIMPLE ALL SPECIES INCLUDED IN TEXT, AND NOT LISTED ON THIS PLATE, HAVE SIMPLE LEAVES COMPOUND [ASH, BLACK] [ASH, WHITE] [BUTTERNUT] [HICKORY, BITTERNUT] [HICKORY, MOCKERNUT] [HICKORY, PIGNUT] [HICKORY, SHAGBARK] [HICKORY, SHELLBARK] [HONEYLOCUST, COMMON] [LOCUST, BLACK] [WALNUT, EASTERN BLACK] PALMATELY COMPOUND [HORSECHESTNUT, COMMON] [EVERGREEN] [HEMLOCK, EASTERN] [LARCH, EASTERN] (Non-evergreen, single needles arranged in spirals.—See text.) [SPRUCE, NORWAY] [SPRUCE, RED] [REDCEDAR, EASTERN] [PINE, RED] [PINE, VIRGINIA] [PINE, PITCH] [PINE, EASTERN WHITE]
Arrangement of Leaves and Buds on Twigs
OPPOSITE [ASH, BLACK] [ASH, WHITE] [DOGWOOD, FLOWERING] [HORSECHESTNUT, COMMON] [MAPLE, NORWAY] [MAPLE, RED] [MAPLE, SILVER] [MAPLE, SUGAR] ALTERNATE [ASPEN, BIGTOOTH] [ASPEN, QUAKING] [BEECH, AMERICAN] [BIRCH, GRAY] [BIRCH, PAPER] [BIRCH, RIVER] [BIRCH, SWEET] [BIRCH, YELLOW] [BLACKGUM] [BUTTERNUT] [CHERRY, BLACK] [ELM, AMERICAN] [ELM, SLIPPERY] [HACKBERRY, COMMON] [HICKORY, BITTERNUT] [HICKORY, MOCKERNUT] [HICKORY, PIGNUT] [HICKORY, SHAGBARK] [HICKORY, SHELLBARK] [HONEYLOCUST, COMMON] [LINDEN, AMERICAN] [LOCUST, BLACK] [MAGNOLIA, CUCUMBERTREE] [OAK, BLACK] [OAK, CHESTNUT] [OAK, EASTERN RED] [OAK, PIN] [OAK, SCARLET] [OAK, WHITE] [PAWPAW, COMMON] [PERSIMMON, COMMON] [PLANETREE, AMERICAN] [SASSAFRAS, COMMON] [TULIPTREE] [WALNUT, BLACK] [WILLOW, BLACK] WHORLED [CATALPA, NORTHERN]
EASTERN HEMLOCK
(Tsuga canadensis)
Leaves: [Evergreen] needles occur singly, spirally arranged on twigs but appear 2-ranked; flattened, about ½″ long; dark green, glossy and often grooved above: light green with 2 white lines below.
Twigs: Slender, rough, yellowish brown to grayish brown. Buds egg-shaped, ¹/₁₆″ long, reddish brown.
Fruit: A cone, ¾″ long, egg-shaped; hangs singly from the tips of the twigs; usually remains attached all winter after ripening in the fall. Under each rounded scale are 2 small winged seeds.
General: Bark on young trees flaky, thick and roughly grooved when old, grayish brown to reddish brown; used in tanning; inner bark cinnamon-red. A large tree, long-lived; shade-enduring. Wood is important for construction lumber.