The cavalry was to be augmented as follows. From the whole gend'armerie, it was proposed to form a regiment of carabiniers, consisting of two squadrons of two hundred men each. To the nine existing regiments of cavalry it was proposed to add, as a reserve, four squadrons of two hundred each, making, in all, eight hundred. Ten new regiments were to be formed, of four squadrons each; so that the whole number of old and new cavalry would be twenty regiments. The whole augmentation of this army would amount to 9,200. The raising of this force, as in the case of the infantry, was to be equally divided between Warsaw and each of the eight palatinates.
The artillery was to be augmented by four batteries, of eight pieces each, making a total of thirty-two pieces.
| RECAPITULATION. | |||
| Infantry. | Cavalry. | Artillery. | |
| New forces, | 54,000 | 9,200 | 32 pieces. |
| Existing forces, | 19,000 | 7,200 | 64 |
| Total, | 73,000 | 16,400 | 96 |
| If we should add to thisnumber the regimentsformed by the land proprietors at their ownexpense, detachments ofvolunteers, foreigners, and detachments ofpartizans, amountingperhaps to | 6,000 | 2,000 | |
| The total might beincreased to | 79,000 | 18,400 | 96 |
This force, although it would seem to be disproportionate to the resources of the kingdom, it was certainly possible to have raised; for the energy and spirit of the people were at the highest point, and every one felt the importance of improving the favorable moment, which the general state of Europe, and the weakness of Russia, presented. If the reader will anticipate the course of events, and remember what a struggle, against the Russian force of more than 200,000 men, was sustained by the 40,000 only which we actually brought into the field, he may conjecture what advantages might have been expected from twice that number, which we should certainly have brought to the field, had the energy of the government followed out its plans. But from the incapacity of the Dictator for the energetic execution of his trust, these forces were never raised, and it was soon seen that Chlopicki, by assuming a duty to which he was unequal, gave the first blow to the rising fortunes of his country. The Dictator, as we have seen, had not even taken a step towards the organization of these forces, and one would have thought that he had thrown out these plans merely to blind the eyes of the nation, without having entertained the thought of taking the field. Two months passed away, the inevitable moment of the conflict arrived, and the nation was obliged to march to the fight with half the force which, under an energetic administration, it would have wielded. If we add to this unfortunate state of things, that, besides the threatening forces of our gigantic enemy, Prussia and Austria, at this late moment, and especially the former, had began to take an attitude of hostility towards us, and thus all hope of sympathy from her neighbors was lost to Poland, the perilous nature of the crisis to which the delay of the dictatorial government had brought us, thus unprepared, may be imagined. But Poland did not suffer herself to be discouraged by all these unpropitious circumstances. Trusting to the righteousness of her cause, she went forth to the contest, determined to fall or to be free.
STATEMENT OF THE FORCES WITH WHICH THE WAR WAS ACTUALLY COMMENCED.
A great exactitude in the computation of these forces would be obviously impracticable, as the precise number of the detachments of volunteers, occasionally joining the army, serving in a particular locality only, and often perhaps for a limited period, cannot be ascertained; but it will not be difficult to make a pretty near approximation to the truth.
At the beginning of the campaign, the forces were divided into four divisions of infantry, four of cavalry, and twelve batteries of artillery, of eight pieces each.
| The whole infantry consisted of: | |
| The nine existing regiments, enlarged by one battalion to each regiment, making in all, | 27,000 |
| One battalion of sappers, | 1,000 |
| A tenth regiment, of two battalions, called 'The Children of Warsaw,' | 2,000 |
| A battalion of volunteers, added to the 4th regiment, | 1,000 |
| Different detachments of volunteers, as the detachments of Michael Kuszel, and the Kurpie or Foresters, &c., | 1,600 |
| Total of infantry, | 32,600 |
The four divisions of infantry were nearly equal, consisting of from 7 to 8,000 men each. To each of these divisions a corps of 250 sappers was attached. The divisions were commanded as follows; 1st division by general Krukowiecki; 2d division, general Zymirski; 3d division, general Skrzynecki; 4th division, general Szembek.