V. Left external iliac artery crossed by the left ureter.
W. Right external iliac artery crossed by the right ureter.
X. The rectum.
Y. The urinary bladder, which being fully distended, and viewed from above, gives it the appearance of being higher than usual above the pubic symphysis.
Z. Pubic symphysis.
2. The left internal abdominal ring complicated with the epigastric vessels, the vas deferens, and the spermatic vessels.
3. The right internal abdominal ring in connection with the like vessels and duct as that of left side.
4. Superior mesenteric artery.
5, 6. Right and left external iliac veins.
7, 8. Situations of the anterior superior iliac spinous processes.