0.036201 × 0.5236Dd³ = 0.018955Dd³.

If we now substitute for D the specific gravity of cast-iron shot or shells = 7.000, we have,

W = 7 × 0.018955d³ = 0.134d³;

and if for D we substitute the specific gravity of lead, W = 0.2142d³; and in case of powder, W = 0.01744d³.

For diameters, weights and charges, [see Tables, pages 80-81].

35. When shot are heated to a white heat, what expansion takes place?

Calibre.8-in.4232241812
Expansion, inches,, 0.149 0.11 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04

36. Do heated shot retain a permanent enlargement?

Yes; in case of the 8-in. shot, for example, after the first cooling the enlargement is 0.054 in.; and, after the second, 0.099 in.

37. Are the igniting powers of a hot shot destroyed by ricochetting upon the water?