[42] See Life and Works of Horace Mann (Boston, 1891), iii, 346 ff.
[43] Cf. Franklin’s views on the comparative thrift of English and of German laborers, and note his tentative explanation of the difference. The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin (compiled and edited by John Bigelow, New York and London, 1887), ii, 291 ff. Letter to Peter Collinson, dated Philadelphia, 9 May, 1753.
[44] By writers like Samuel Laing, in his Notes of a Traveller on the Social and Political State of France, Prussia, Switzerland, Italy, and Other Parts of Europe (London, 1854), especially 108-115.
[45] Life and Works of Horace Mann (Boston, 1891), iii, 346 ff. See also Reminiscences of Carl Schurz (New York, 1907), i, 40.
[46] See William Howitt, Rural and Domestic Life of Germany (London, 1842), passim. That portion of Carl Schurz’s work (see note 8 ante) which describes his boyhood life at Liblar throws much light on the amusements indulged in by the people. There is a delightful account of the Schützenfest, or marksmanship contest, on pages 45-48 and pages 81-83.
[47] Albert Bernhard Faust, The German Element in the United States (Boston, 1909), ii, 472.
[48] Daily Free Democrat, December 27, 1850.
[49] Nordamerika, Wisconsin, Calumet. Winke für Auswanderer (edition of 1849), 64.
[50] Bradley and Metcalf.
[51] It was managed by G. and J. Burnham, who had an investment of $10,000.