Fig. 3.—Puer Wheel, with Cover Removed.
Fig. 4.—Elevation of Puer Wheel (back).
A more interesting process, introduced by Dr. Gr. Eberle[12] as a bating process, but which is really a deliming process, consists in using organic acids in the form of their anhydrides, lactones, or lactides. During the process these anhydrides, lactones, or lactides, are gradually decomposed with formation of the free acids, which in a nascent condition unite directly with the lime in the skins. The anhydrides of acetic, propionic, butyric and lactic acid have been tried, the lactone of γ-oxybutyric acid
| CH2 CH2 |  | O |
| CH2 CO |
After washing and deliming, the goods, warmed to a temperature of 90° to 100° F., are now measured in the truck above described, and put as quickly as possible into the bating paddle. This is constructed to carry two trucks. The figures (Figs. [3], 4 and 5) show a modern paddle adapted for puering light skins, such as goat, sheep, splits (grains), either with dung or with an artificial bate.