| VOL. II. | EXAMPLES IN HAND FORGING. | PLATE XVI. | |
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| Fig. 2917. | Fig. 2918. | ||
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| Fig. 2920. | |||
| Fig. 2919. | |||
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| Fig. 2921. | Fig. 2922. | ||
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| Fig. 2924. | |||
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| Fig. 2925. | |||
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| Fig. 2923. | Fig. 2926. | ||
[Fig. 2917] represents a yoke for the slide valve of a steam engine or a locomotive, which may be forged by either of the following methods:
[Fig. 2918] represents a stem a welded into the bar b, which may be bent to the required rectangle and welded at the ends.
A second method is to jump the stem d and split it open as in the side view in [Fig. 2919]. The bar e is forged with a projecting piece to go in the split of d, and after the weld is made, bar e is drawn to size as shown, leaving the two projections x where the corners are to come, which is necessary in order to have sufficient stock to bring the corners up square. The ends of e are split open as in the end view at f, and a piece g is then welded to f.
In a third method the end of the stem is rounded for the weld, as shown in [Fig. 2920]. The ends of the bar j are then split open and piece k welded on.
It is to be observed with reference to the two last methods that in hammering to forge the weld the frame is closed, so that after welding the swaging to finish may be carried on until the frame is brought to square, and any superfluous metal may be cut away; whereas if the kind of weld is such as to stretch the sides, it may happen that to get a sound weld will stretch the side welded too long and throw the frame out of shape.
Suppose, for example, that a scarf weld were made on the side of the yoke opposite to the stem, and if, in welding, the scarf is hammered too much, it would draw it out too much and throw the whole frame out of shape, as in [Fig. 2921], so that the welded side would require to be jumped to bring it back to the proper length again.
A fourth method is to take a piece of iron and punch a hole in it, and then split it open up to the hole, as in [Fig. 2922], and by opening out the split form the stem and part of the frame out of the solid, forging the remainder of the frame by the plan described for either the second or third methods.
A fifth method is to make the weld of the stem as in [Fig. 2923], then forge out the bar b, leaving projections x x to bring the corners y y up square, and after bending to shape and squaring up to weld in a piece c.
A sixth method is to form the band first as in [Fig. 2924], form the stem as in [Fig. 2925], and weld as in [Fig. 2926].