The anvil is constructed in two parts. Four inches of the top c may be taken off, leaving a suitable place to insert large dies for various purposes, such as dies for welding plough-shares and dies for forging journals on large shafts. A counter-shaft, provided with suitable pulleys, is attached on the rear end of the bed; this shaft is kept constantly in speed and power by the vertical belt in the direction indicated by the arrow; the other end of the shaft is provided with a flanged pulley, corresponding to a flanged pulley m, on the eccentric shaft; around these pulleys is placed a loose belt, as shown; in contact with this is a press pulley t, adjustably attached by two arms to the projecting end of the treadle p at o. If the foot be placed on the treadle at u and it be pressed down, the break on the opposite side breaks contact with the balance wheel (not shown); the press pulley will at the same time tighten the loose belt on the flanged pulleys. This gives motion to the pulley m, in the direction indicated by the arrow. Its motion is increased by a heavier pressure until it attains the same speed as the other flanged pulley; this would be the full speed, which may be diminished to any speed desired by lessening the pressure on the loose belt. By this means motion and power is given to the eccentric, which carries back and forth the lower end of the oscillating frame h; this gives vertical motion to the springs g g, and this imparts corresponding motion to the beam f. These springs accomplish a threefold object:
1st. They carry the hammer e up and down.
2nd. They cushion the hammer at the returning points and give off that power which was stored in them while cushioning.
3rd. By the power exerted in the machinery they follow up and impart still greater force to the blow.
It is found by this arrangement of eccentric loose box and oscillator that when the machinery is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow, that the downward stroke is one-sixth quicker than the up stroke; this is a natural result, for the down stroke is performed while the eccentric is revolving above the centre of its shaft and nearest the fulcrum of the operator h. With the present arrangement the downward stroke is performed with 5⁄12 of the revolution and the up stroke is performed with 7⁄12; the difference is 2⁄12, which equals one-sixth. The up stroke is performed while the eccentric is revolving below the centre of its shaft and in that part farthest from the fulcrum of the oscillator h, so if the machinery were reversed the quick stroke would be up and the slow stroke would be down.
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Fig. 3048.
In [Fig. 3048] is shown a Kingsley’s trip hammer. The main bed or foundation plate a carries the bed plate or frame b, at one end of which are the pillar blocks c, which afford journal bearing to the casting carrying the hammer shaft e, being fastened thereto by the clamp d. These journals are the centre of motion of the hammer helve e.