VOL. I.DETAILS OF WATCHMAKER’S LATHE.PLATE IX.
Fig. 657.
Fig. 655.Fig. 656.Fig. 658.
Fig. 659.Fig. 660.
Fig. 661.Fig. 662.

[Fig. 655] represents an end view from the tailstock end of the lathe; a′ is the bed having the angles a a to align the heads and rests. The means of holding or releasing the tailstock, on the lathe-bed, is the same as that for holding the headstock, the construction being as follows: b is the shoulder of a bolt through which passes the shaft c, with a lever d to operate it. This shaft is eccentric where it passes through the bolt, so that by using the lever aforesaid the bolt secures or releases the head according to the direction in which it is moved. A very small amount of motion is needed for this. The standard for the hand rest is split, and a screw is used to tighten it in an obvious manner, the screw being operated by the handle e′. An end view of the rest, showing the device for securing the foot h to the bed, is shown in [Fig. 656], f is a shoe spanning the bed and fitting to the bed angles a. Through f passes the bolt g, its head passing into the T-shaped groove h; n′ is a hand wheel for operating bolt g. At s is a spiral spring, which by exerting an end pressure on washer w and nut n′, pulls g and the head h down upon f, and therefore f down upon the bed, whether the rest be locked to the bed or not; hence when n′ is released to remove or adjust the rest, neither dust nor fine cuttings can pass either between the rest and shoe or the shoe and the lathe-bed, and the abrasion that would otherwise occur is thus avoided.

Two qualities of these lathes are made: in the better quality all the working parts are hardened and afterwards ground true. In the other the parts are also ground true, but the parts (which in either case are of steel) are left soft for the sake of reducing the cost. In all, the parts are made to gauge and template, so that a new head, tailstock, or any other part in whole or in detail may be obtained from the factory, either to make additions to the lathe or to replace worn parts.

Two styles of slide rest are made with these lathes: in the first, shown in [Fig. 657], the swivel for setting the top slide at an angle for taper turning is at the base of the top slide, hence the lower slide turns all radial faces at a right angle to the line of lathe centres. In the second, [Fig. 658], there is a third slide added at the top, so that the bottom slide turns radial faces to a right angle with the line of lathe centres, the next slide turns the taper and the top slide may be used to turn a radial face at a right angle to the surface of the taper, and not at a right angle to the axis of the work. Both these rests are provided with tool post clamps, to hold tools made of round wire, such clamps being shown in position in [figure 657].

[Fig. 659] represents an additional tailstock for this lathe, the tail spindle lying in open bearings so that it can be laid in, which enables the rapid employment of several spindles holding tools for performing different duties, as drilling, counter-boring, chamfering, &c.

[Fig. 660] represents a filing fixture to be attached to the bed in the same manner as the slide rest. It consists of a base supporting a link, carrying two hardened steel rolls, upon which the file may rest, the rolls rotating by friction during the file strokes, and serving to keep the file flat and fair upon the work.

[Fig. 661] represents a fixture for wheel and pinion cutting; it is attached to the slide rest. When the cutter spindle is vertical the belt runs directly to it from the overhead counter shaft, but when it is horizontal the belt passes over idler pulleys, held above the lathe. The cutter spindle is carried on a frame, pivoted to the sliding piece on the vertical slide, so that it may be swivelled to set in either the vertical or horizontal position.

[Fig. 662] represents a jewelers’ rest for this lathe. It fits on the bed in the place of the tailstock, and is used for cutting out the seats for jewels, in plates, or settings. It is especially constructed so as to receive the jewel at the top and bore the seating to the proper diameter, without requiring any measurements or fitting by trial, and the manner in which this is accomplished is as follows:—