[32] [Figs. 1934], [1935], [1936], are from articles by John J. Grant, in The American Machinist.
When a shank-cutter is required to enter solid metal endways, as in the case of cutting grooves around the circumferential surface of a cylinder, it is necessary to drill a hole to admit the cutter, leaving a light finishing cut for the diameter of the cutter, and sufficient in the depth to let the end face of the cutter remove or square up the cone seat left by the drill. Shank cutters may obviously be made taper, or to any other required angle or curvature, [Figs. 1934] and [1935] being examples which can be used in situations where other cutters could not, as for example on the arms or spokes of wheels.
Fig. 1936.
[Fig. 1936], from The American Machinist, represents an example of the employment of shank cutters, the work being a handle for a lathe cross-feed screw, and it is obvious that the double cornering cutter may be used upon both edges, and the cut being carried around the hub by the parallel part of the cutter; the whole of the work on the handle including the boring, if the hole is cast in, may be done by the shank cutter, the handle end being finished and the boring done first, the hub being finished on an arbor.
Fig. 1937.
Shank mills may obviously be made of various shapes; thus in [Fig. 1937] is shown two applications of an end or shank mill, one for cutting a dovetailed groove and the other an angular one. In the case of the dovetail groove the cutter will work equally well, whether it be used on straight or spiral grooves; but this is not the case with angular grooves for reasons which are explained with reference to angular cutters and spiral groove cutting.