22.—Siam at war with Germany and Austria.

24.—Austro-Germans retake Stanislau.

31.—Franco-British attack penetrates German lines on a 20-mile front.

August

1.—Pope Benedict XV makes plea for peace on a basis of no annexation, no indemnity.

3.—Czernowitz captured by Austro-Germans.

7.—Liberia at war with Germany.

8.—Canadian Conscription Bill passes its third reading in Senate.

14.—China at war with Germany and Austria-Hungary.

15.—St. Quentin Cathedral destroyed by Germans.