Experience shows that the vast majority of difficulties which occur in an industry arise between the workmen and the foremen who are in daily contact with them. Foremen are sometimes arbitrary, and it is by their attitude and action that the higher officers and the stockholders are judged. Obviously the right of appeal from the decisions of foremen and superintendents is important, even if seldom availed of, because it tends of itself to modify their attitude.
A further feature of the plan is what may be termed the employee’s Bill of Rights.
This covers such matters as the right to caution and suspension before discharge, except for such serious offenses as are posted; the right to hold meetings at appropriate places outside of working hours; the right without discrimination to membership or non-membership in any society, fraternity, or union; and the right of appeal.
Where this plan has been in operation for a considerable length of time, some of the results obtained are:—
First, more continuous operation of the plants and less interruption in the employment of the workers, resulting in larger returns for both capital and labor;
Second, improved working and living conditions;
Third, frequent and close contact between employees and officers;
Fourth, the elimination of grievances as disturbing factors;
Fifth, goodwill developed to a high degree;