[Chapter VII.] The Oursin or Sea Hedgehog. See the curious dissertations in which M. Cailland has described his discoveries.
[Chapter VIII.] Shells, Pearl, and Mother of Pearl. The capital work on these is Blainville's Malacology. See, also, on the Pearl Mabius of Hamburgh, Revue Germ., July 31, 1858. I have profitably consulted on this subject our celebrated Jeweller, M. Froment Meurice.
[Chapter IX.] The Poulpe. Cuvier, Blainville, Dujardin Ann. des Sciences Nat., first series, Vol. V. p. 214, and second series Vols. 3, 16, and 17; Robin and Secord, Locomotion of Cephalapodes, Revue de Zoology, 1849, p. 333.
[Chapter X.] Crustaceæ. Besides the classical and important work of Milne Edwards, I have consulted d'Orbigny and various travelers. See, also, the fine Atlas of Dumont d'Urville.
[Chapter XI.] Fish. The Introduction of Cuvier, Valenciennes' article Fish, in d'Orbigny's Dictionary. This last article is a complete book, learned and excellent. On the anatomy of Fish see the celebrated dissertation of Geoffroy. For what I have said on the nests made by spawning Fish I am indebted to Messrs. Caste and Gerbe.
Chapters [XII] and [XIII]. Whales, Amphibii and Syrens. Here, Lacepede is at once instructive and eloquent. Nothing can be better than Boitard's articles in d'Orbigny's Dictionary.
Notes to [Book 3]. Conquest of the Sea. This book sprang naturally out of my perusal of travels and voyages from the first History of Dieppe, by Vitel Estancelin, down to the recent discoveries. Especially consult Kerquelon, John Ross, Parry, Weddell, Dumont, d'Urville, James Ross, and Kane; Biot in the Journal des Savants and the luminous and precious abridgement of those works, by M. Langele in the Revue des deux Mondes. On the Fishery, besides the great works of Duhamel, see Tiphaine, "Economie History of the Western Seas de France, 1760."
Notes to [Book 4]. Restoration by the Sea. As long ago as 1725, Maraigli seems to have suspected the presence of iodine. In 1730, an anonymous work, Comes Domesticus, recommended Sea Bathing.
The Bibliography of the Sea would be endless. There are many excellent books. Among them I may mention "the Mediterranean Sea," by W. H. Smith, 1854, the Manuals and Guide books of Guadet, Roccas, Cochet, Ernst, &c.
On the degeneracy of Races, see Morel, 1857: Magnus Huss, "Alcoholismus," 1852, &c.