[427] Aspasia, De natura mulier. Vol. II. p. 588., De morb. mulier. bk. II. Vol. II. p. 879. The Etymologicum Magnum under the word explains κίων by ἀπὸ τοῦ κίειν καὶ ἀνίεναι εἰς ὕψος (so called from its going upwards and rising to a height). Comp. Phil. Ingrassias, De tumor. praet. natur. p. 273.
[428] Aëtius, Tetrab. IV. serm. 4. ch. 106.
[429] Celsus, bk. VI. ch. 18. Aëtius, Tetrab. IV. serm. 2. ch. 3. Paulus Aegineta, bk. III. ch. 59., bk. IV. ch. 15., bk. VI. ch. 80. Sextus Placitus Papyriensis, XI. 7. Apuleius, De herb. LXXX. 8. A large number of remedies against them are given by Galen: Vol. XIII. 309, 312, 422, 447, 512, 560, 715, 738, 781, 787, 824, 828, 831, 833, 837, 840.
[430] Celsus, bk. V. ch. 28. Comp. Galen, Defin. med. (XIX. p. 444.). Oribasius, Synops. VII. ch. 39., Collect. bk. XLV. ch. 12., bk. L. ch. 7. (in Mai loco cit. p. 43, p. 186). Aëtius, Tetrab. IV. serm. 2. ch. 3., serm. 4. ch. 105. Paulus Aegineta, bk. III. ch. 59., bk. VI. chs. 58, 71. Nonnus, Epit. ch. 197. Pollux, Onomast. bk. IV. ch. 25. sect. 194., θύμος, ὐπέρυθρος ἔκφυσις, τραχεῖα, ἔναιμος, οὐ δυσαφαίρετος, μάλιστα περὶ αἰδοῖα καὶ δακτύλιον καὶ παραμήρια· ἔστὶ δ’ὅτε καὶ ἐπὶ προσώπῳ. (θύμος,—thymus, a reddish outgrowth, rough, suffused with blood, not difficult to remove, occurring chiefly on the genital organs and anus and insides of the thighs; but sometimes on the face too). Marcellus, ch. 33. Myrepsus, XXXVIII. ch. 157.
[431] Hippocrates, De ulcer. Vol. III. p. 319., shows a knowledge of them very uncommon so early as his time.
[432] Celsus, bk. V. ch. 28. ch. 1. Galen, Defin. med. (XIX. p. 444.) Oribasius, Collect. bk. XLV. ch. 11. ch. 14. (Mai loco cit. 41, 43.) Aëtius, Tetrab. IV. serm. 2. ch. 3., serm. 4. ch. 105. Paulus Aegineta, bk. IV. ch. 15., bk. VI. ch. 87. Actuarius, bk. II. ch. 11., bk. IV. ch. 15., bk. VI. ch. 9. Pollux, Onomast. bk. IV. ch. 25, sect. 195.
[433] Galen, Method. med. bk. XIV. ch. 17. (X. p. 1011.).
[434] Perhaps some weight should be attached to the fact that the ancient physicians recommend as remedies against ulcers of the nose and mouth exactly the same means as they employed in cases of ulcer of the genitals. Comp. Celsus bk. VI. ch. 18.
[435] Celsus, bk. VI. ch. 8., bk. VII. ch. 11. Galen, Synops. med. sec. loc. bk. III. ch. 3. (XII. 678.). Oribasius, De loc. affect. Vol. IV. chs. 45, 46. Aëtius, Tetrab. II. serm. 2. chs. 90, 91, 93. Paulus Aegineta bk. III. ch. 23. Alexander of Tralles bk. III. ch. 8. Caelius Aurelianus morb. chron. bk. II. ch. 1. Actuarius, Method. med. bk. II. ch. 8., bk. VI. ch. 4. Nonnus, Epit. ch. 93. Pollux, Onomast. bk. IV. ch. 25. sect. 204. The remark of Galen, Isagog. ch. 20. (XIV. p. 792.), is interesting that falling way of the nose from the palate gives sufferers an apelike look, ἀλλὰ κἂν ἐξ ὑπερώας μεσίζῃ ἡ ῥὶς, ὥς φησι, σιμοῦνται ἀθεραπεύτως,—(but if the nose separates from the palate, they get flat-nosed, as they say, like monkeys,—incurable.) A special nasal syringe, rhynenchytes, is mentioned by Caelius Aurelianus, Chron. bk. I. ch. 4., bk. III. ch. 2. Comp. Calmasius, Ad Solin p. 274.
[436] Johannes Moschus, Pratum spirituale (Meadow of the Soul) ch. 14. in Magna Bibliotheca veterum Patrum (Great Library of the Ancient Fathers) Vol. XIII. Paris 1644. fol., p. 1062. Ὁ Ἀββᾶς Πολυχρόνιος πάλιν ἡμῖν διηγήσατο, ἡμῖν λέγων, ὅτι ἐν τῷ κοινοβίω τοῦ Πενθουκλὰ, ἀδελφὸς ἦν πάνυ προσέχων αὑτὸν καὶ ἀσκητής· ἐπολεμήθη δὲ εἰς πορνείαν, καὶ μὴ εἰσενεγκὼν τὸν πολέμον, ἐξῆλθεν τοῦ μοναστηρίου καὶ ἀπῆλθεν εἰς Ἰεριχὼ πληρῶσαι τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτοῦ· καὶ ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ καταγώγιον τῆς πορνείας, εὐθέως ἐλεπρούθη ὅλως· καὶ θεασάμενος ἑαυτὸν ἐν τοιούτῳ σχήματι, εὐθέως ἐπέστρεψεν εἰς τὸ μοναστήριον αὐτοῦ, εὐχαριστῶν τῷ θεῷ καὶ λέγων, ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ἐπήγαμέν μοι τὴν τοιαύτην νόσον, ἵνα ἡ ψυχή μου σωθῇ. (The Abbot Polychronius again related an incident to us, telling us how in the Monastery of Penthula there was a brother well self-disciplined and ascetic. But he was sorely tempted to fornication, and unable to fight the temptation, he went forth from the Monastery and departed to Jericho to fulfil his desire; and when he entered into the common house of fornication, straightway he became leprous all over. And when he saw himself in such a case, straightway he returned to his Monastery, blessing God and saying, “God hath brought down this disease upon me, that my soul might be saved”).