[119] He says, ‘in mediis vasculis reticularibus,’ which when taken in connection with his general histology, must be understood to mean the bast-bundles.
[120] The date of the birth of Edme Mariotte is not known. He was a native of Burgundy, and lived in Dijon at the time of his earliest scientific labours. He was an ecclesiastic and became Prior of St. Martin sous Beaune near Dijon; he was a Member of the Academy of Sciences in Paris from its foundation in 1666, and was one of the first Frenchmen who experimented in physics and applied mathematics to them. He died in Paris in 1684 (‘Biographie Universelle’).
[121] See the Fragments of Aristotelian phytology in Meyer’s ‘Geschichte der Botanik,’ i. pp. 119, 125.
[122] His views are known to me only from Magnol’s paper in the ‘Histoire de l’Académie Royale des Sciences,’ 1709, and Sprengel’s ‘Geschichte der Botanik,’ ii. 20. Perrault’s treatise is according to Pritzel’s ‘Thesaurus’ of the date of 1680, but is published in the ‘Œuvres divers de Perrault’ of 1721.
[123] Especially in pages 1165, 1201, 2067, 2119.
[124] Stephen Hales was born in the county of Kent in 1677 and was educated at home without showing any special ability. At the age of nineteen he became a member of Christ’s College in Cambridge, and there showed his taste for physics, mathematics, chemistry, and natural history. Nevertheless he took orders and held Church preferment in different counties. He became a Member of the Royal Society in 1718, and read before it his ‘Statical Essays.’ His ‘Hæmostatics’ appeared in 1733. He made and published other investigations and discoveries of very various kinds before his death in 1761. He was buried in his church at Riddington, which he had rebuilt at his own cost, and the Princess of Wales caused an inscription to his memory to be placed in Westminster Abbey. See his Éloge in ‘Histoire de l’Académie Royale des Sciences,’ 1762.
[125] See Sprengel, ‘Geschichte der Botanik,’ i. 229, and Reichel’s and Bonnet’s works mentioned below.
[126] Georg Christian Reichel was born in 1727 and died in 1771. He was Professor in the University of Leipsic.
[127] Charles Bonnet, born at Geneva in 1720, sprang from a wealthy family, and was intended for the profession of the law, but gave himself up from an early age to scientific pursuits, and especially to zoology. He was afterwards a member of the great council of Geneva, and wrote various treatises on scientific subjects, psychology, and theology. He died on his properly at Genthod near Geneva in 1793. See the ‘Biographie Universelle’ and Carus, ‘Geschichte der Zoologie,’ p. 526.
[128] See p. 35 of the German translation by Arnold, 1762.