(2)

Mn2(SO4)7 ⇄ 2 Mn7+ + 7 SO42−

(3)

2 Mn7+ + 7 SO42− + 10 Fe2+ + 10 SO42−
⇄ 2 Mn2+ + 1 OFe3+ + 17 SO42−

(4)

⇄ 2 MnSO4 + 5 Fe2(SO4)3

(5)

Analogous results are obtained with potassium chromate or dichromate against potassium iodide, ferrous sulphate, hydrogen sulphide, and other reducing agents.

Nitric Acid.

H+ + NO3 ⇄ (HO)NO2
(HO)NO2 + 2 HOH ⇄ N(OH)5 ⥃ N5+ + 5 HO