The Elements of Qualitative Chemical Analysis, vol. 1, parts 1 and 2. / With Special Consideration of the Application of the Laws of Equilibrium and of the Modern Theories of Solution.

by Julius Stieglitz

[271] Hardy, Proc. Royal Soc., 66, 110 (1899); Z. phys. Chem., 33, 391 (1900).

[272] Picton and Linder, J. Chem. Soc. (London), 67, 63 (1895).

[273] Whitney and Ober, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 23, 852–856 (1901) (Stud.).

[274] Picton and Linder, loc. cit. 71, 572 (1897); Lottermoser, Anorganische Kolloide, p. 76; Biltz, Ber. d. chem. Ges., 37, 1095 (1904).

[275] Precipitation is complete only when the colloids are used in the proportions required to neutralize each other's charges [Billitzer, Z. phys. Chem., 51, 140 (1905)]. The proportions to be used must be determined in each case, most simply by trial (Noyes, loc. cit., p. 101), but quantitative methods for determining the charges, by titration, are also known (cf. Billitzer, loc. cit.).

[276] E. A. Schneider, Z. anorg. Chem., 5, 80 (1894).

[277] See the above discussion on silicic acid. Stannic acid has a greater tendency to form a base than has silicic acid.

[278] Zsigmondy, Liebig's Annalen, 301, 361 (1898).

[279] Cf. Fresenius, p. 334, or Smith's Inorganic Chemistry, p. 468.

[280] Mylius, Ber. d. chem. Ges., 36, 775 (1903); Biltz, ibid., 37, 1116 (1904).