[507]. These gendarmes had never been withdrawn before the present war broke out. The Koreans frequently tried to cut the telegraph line.
[508]. Japanese soldiers in Korea before the present war were stationed to the fullest extent stipulated in this Article. Owing to the small number of the Russian residents in Korea, the Russian Government never stationed as many soldiers in Korea as did the Japanese.
[509]. Tokushu Jōyaku, pp. 714–717.
[510]. G. Takeda, pp. 50–51.
[511]. See pp. [87] ff., above.
[512]. G. Takeda, pp. 45–47.
[513]. Ibid., pp. 48–50.
[514]. G. Takeda, pp. 53–54, and Jumpei Shinobu, Kan Hantō (the Korean peninsula), pp. 505–512.
[515]. Tokushu Jōyaku, pp. 744–745; the Kaitei Jōyaku Isan, p. 603; the Treaties and Conventions, p. 394 (French text).
[516]. The sovereign of Korea, formerly King (wang), assumed the title Emperor (Hwang-ti), on October 12, 1897, for, in the Chinese language, the wang may be a tributary prince, but the ti is the master of an independent state.